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Chemistry Flashcards

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0
Q

If the element is neutral (no charge) then it should have the same number of what?

A

It should have the same number of protons and electrons

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1
Q

What is the atomic number and where is it found on an element box?

A

Is the number or protons in the element, and the atomic number is found on the top left hand corner of the box

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2
Q

What is the mass number and where is it located on an element box?

A

It’s the number of how many protons and neutrons found in the element (protons + neutron or mass # - atom # = the number of neutrons) it is found on the bottom of the box

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3
Q

Name the element, the atomic number, atomic mass, number of protons, number of neutrons and the number of electrons for this element: Pb

A

Lead,82,207.2,82,125,82

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4
Q

How many electrons should be in the 3rd shell of a Bohr diagrams?

A

There should be 8

1st: 2
2nd: 8
3rd: 8
4th: 18

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5
Q

What is a valence shell? And if said shell was full what is the atom considered?

A

A valence shell is the outermost shell of an atom and if the valence is full the atom is considered stable

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6
Q

Name the properties of metals

A
  • They are very good heat and electricity conductors
  • Malleable: can be beaten into thin sheets
  • Ductile: can be stretched into wire
  • Metallic: lustre (ie Shiny)
  • Most are solid at room temperature
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7
Q

Name the properties of non-metals

A
  • gain or share valence electrons easily
  • Poor conductors of heat and electricity
  • Brittle: breaks easily if solid
  • Not ductile: not easily stretched
  • Doesn’t possess a metallic lustre
  • All states at room temperature (liquid,solid, gas)
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8
Q

Name the properties of a metalloid

A
  • Acts like a non-metal,when they react with metals
  • Acts like a metal, when they with non-metals
  • Have semi-conductors properties
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9
Q

Name the metals in the Alkali metals family

A 
Li: Lithium
Na: Sodium
K: Potassium 
Rb: Rubidium
Cs: Cesium
Fr: Francium
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10
Q

What makes hydrogen special?

A

The fact that it acts like a metal and non-metal, it has 1 valence electron, very reactive, at room temperature hydrogen is a gas, and it is extremely flammable.

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11
Q

What is the difference between an atom and an ion?

A

Atoms are neutral and iron have a charge

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12
Q

What is the name of the 2 compounds?

A

Ionic and covalent

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13
Q

What is an ionic compound formula?

A

Metal + non-metal -> ionic compound (salts)

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14
Q

Write the ionic compound formula for: silver carbonate.

A

Ag2CO3

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15
Q

Name the chemical formula for this ionic compound: PbO

A

Lead(II) Oxide

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16
Q

What is the covalent compound formula?

A

Covalent compound-> nonmetal/nonmetal

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17
Q

Name the following covalent compound: N2O

A

Dinitrogen Monoxide

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18
Q

Write the formula of this following compound: Diiodine hexachloride

A

I2Cl6

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19
Q

Is this an ionic or covalent compound: Na2CrO4 and what is its chemical name?

A

Ionic and it Disodium trioxide

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20
Q

Magnesium metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce magnesium oxide and a bright light (light energy). What is the chemical and word equation for this?

A

Word equation:
Magnesium + oxygen-> magnesium oxide + energy
Chemical equation:
Mg+O2 -> MgO+energy

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21
Q

Aluminum reacts with iron (II) oxide to produce aluminum oxide and iron. What is the word and chemical equations?

A

Word equation:
Aluminum+iron(II) oxide -> aluminum oxide + iron
Chemical equation:
Al+FeO -> Al2O3 + Fe

22
Q

Name the elements in the Alkaline earth metals

A 
Be: Beryllium 
Mg: Magnesium
Ca: Calcium
Sr: Strontium 
Ba: Barium
Ra: Radium
23
Q

Name the elements in the halogens family

A 
F: Fluorine
Cl: Chorine
Br: Bromine
I: Iodine
At: Astaline
24
Q

Name the elements in the Noble gases family

A 
He: Helium
Ne: Neon
Ar: Argon
Kr: Krypton 
Xe: Xenon
Rn: Radon
25
Q

Name the elements in the magic 7+1

A 
N: Nitrogen
O: Oxygen 
F: Fluorine 
Cl: Chlorine 
Br: Bromide 
I: Iodine 
At: Astaline 
H: Hydrogen
26
Q

Balance this equation:
NaI + AlCl3 -> NaCl + AlI3

(I recommend you write It down when you answer)

A

3NaI + AlCl3 -> 3NaCl + AlI3

27
Q

Balance this equation:

C3H8 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

A

C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O

28
Q

Write the equation for the following and balance it:

Nitrogen monoxide + oxygen -> nitrogen dioxide

A

2No + O2 -> 2NO2

29
Q

Write the equation for the following and balance it:

Phosphorus trichloride + Chlorine -> phosphorus pentachloride

A

PCl3 + 2Cl -> PCl5

30
Q

What reaction is this?

2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl

A

Synthesis

31
Q

Name this reaction:

2H2O -> 2H + O2

A

Decomposition

32
Q

What is this reaction?

2Al + 3CuCl2 -> 3Cu + 2AlCl3

A

Single replacement

33
Q

What is this reaction?

Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaI -> 2NaNO3 + PbI2

A

Double replacement

34
Q

What is the element that a base on the end of its formula?

A

OH: Hydroxide

35
Q

What is the element that is at the beginning of the acid formulas?

A

H

36
Q

What is a pH scale?

A

A scale for measuring how acidic or basic a solution is

37
Q

Define Acids

A

Chemical compounds that produce a solution with a pH of less than 7 when dissolved in water

38
Q

Define Bases

A

Chemical compounds that produce a solution with a pH of more that 7 when they dissolve in water

39
Q

Define neutral

A

If the solution has a pH of 7 it is neither acidic or basic

40
Q

The____ the pH, the ____ the acid.

Fill in the blank

A

Lower, stronger

41
Q

The ____ the pH the_____ the base

A

Higher, stronger

42
Q

What is pure water? Is it acidic, basic or neutral?

A

Neutral

43
Q

What is the formula for acid-base neutralization look like?

A

HCl+NaOH -> NaCl+H2O

Acid) + (base) -> (salt) + (water

44
Q

Complete this neutralization formula:

HF + Ca(OH)2 ->

A

HF + Ca(OH)2 -> H2O + CaF2

45
Q

Now figure it out the other way around:

____+_____ -> MgCO3 + H2O

A

H2CO3 + Mg(OH)2 -> MgCO3 +H2O

46
Q

what are the properties of an acid

Aka the taste of it, how it feels, it’s pH range, the type of ion formed and if it conducts energy

A 
Taste: sour
Touch: burn
pH range: <7
Type of ion formed: H+
Conducts electricity: yes
47
Q

What is the properties of bases?

Aka the taste of it, how it feels, it’s pH range, the type of ion formed and if it conducts energy

A 
Taste: bitter
Touch: Burn, slippery
pH range: >7
Type of ion formed: OH-
Conducts electricity: yes
48
Q

What is an organic compound?

A

ALMOST every carbon

49
Q

What are the exceptions to the organic compound? What compound with carbon are inorganic?

A

The carbonate group
Carbide (when carbon is the last element in the formula)
Oxides (oxygens are the last element and also when their are only 2 elements)

50
Q

Is CH3CH2OH organic or inorganic?

A

Organic

51
Q

Is FeCl2 organic or inorganic?

A

Inorganic: because there is no carbons in the formula

52
Q

Define a combustion reaction and give a formula for it

A

Occurs when an organic compound burns in oxygen

Organic + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

53
Q

Answer this; C3H8 + O2 ->____

A

C3H8 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

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