Chemistry

Question 0

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 0

• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
• Plasma (irrelevant)

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Anything that occupies physical space.

Everything in the universe is made up of matter.

Question 2

Properties of solids?

Answer 2

• Fixed shape and space
• Cannot be compressed easily
• Usually not pourable

Question 3

Properties of liquids?

Answer 3

• Take on the container shape
• Can be poured
• Occupy a fixed amount of space
• Have a fixed volume

Question 4

Properties of gases?

Answer 4

• No fixed shape
• Does not stay in one place without lid
• Can be compressed

Question 5

PARTICLES

Answer 5

All particles have kinetic energy and move according to the energy level.

Question 6

States Chart

Answer 6

(melting)         (evaporation)
SOLID  ➡️➡️  LIQUID ➡️☀️➡️GAS
 ⬆️↖️(freezing)↙️ ↖️(condensation)↙️⬆️
  ↖️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↔️↗️
                    (sublimation)

Question 7

Explain particles in solids

Answer 7

•In fixed positions held tightly together in a bond
•Vibrate on the spot
•Do not have a lot of Kinetic energy
◼️➕◼️➕◼️➕◼️
➕◼️➕◼️➕◼️➕
◼️➕◼️➕◼️➕◼️

Question 8

Explain particles in liquids

Answer 8

• Closely spaced and gently bonded together
• Have more kinetic energy than solid particles
• Move randomly but motion limited by genetic bonds
• Particles slip past each other and collie with nearby particles

Question 9

Explain particles in gases

Answer 9

•Not bonded

Question 10

How do you increase atoms kinetic energy?

Answer 10

Add heat. Subtracting heat makes them less kinetic.

Question 11

Mass?

Answer 11

Is the amount of matter in an object and is measured using a balance.

Question 12

Volume?

Answer 12

Amount of space an object occupies

Question 13

Expansion:

Answer 13

Happens through heating.
Heat energy added ➡️ particles vibrate faster and have more kinetic energy ➡️ particles collide more and move further apart: Expansion

Question 14

What are elements?

Answer 14

• Substances that cannot be broken down into any other substances.
• All elements appear on the periodic table

Question 15

Atomic Number

Answer 15

= Number of Protons
= Number of Electrons
Appears above the symbol on the periodic table

Question 16

Atomic mass?

Answer 16

Number of protons + the number of neutrons.

Mass - Protons = neutrons

Question 17

What is the outer shell?

Answer 17

• The valence shell
• Highest energy shell
• Predicts how the atom/element will react with others.

Question 18

List the main physical properties

Answer 18

• Lustre •Ductility
• Texture •Flexibility
• Conductivity •Temperature
• Colour •Malleability
• Density •Hardness
• Strength •Shape
• Mass •Elasticity
• State

Question 19

Lustre?

Answer 19

The shininess of a substance

Question 20

Texture?

Answer 20

How a substance feels physically

Question 21

Ductility?

Answer 21

The substances ability to be stretched or hammered into thin wires

Question 22

Conductivity?

Answer 22

The substances ability to conduct heat and electrical energy

Question 23

Colour?

Answer 23

The colour appearance of the object

Question 24

Density?

Answer 24

The weight of an object compared to its size

Question 25

Temperature?

Answer 25

The heat of a substance

Question 26

Malleability?

Answer 26

The objects ability to bend and be flexible

Question 27

Strength?

Answer 27

He substances ability to withstand a force

Question 28

Chemical Properties of a substance?

Answer 28

``` Toxicity Solubility Flammability Acidity Corrosiveness Solvent Radioactivity Solute Reactiveness ```

Question 29

Physical Properties Of Metals?

Answer 29

``` Lustrous Good Conductor (☀️+⚡️) High Density Ductile High Melting Point Malleable ```

Question 30

Chemical Properties of Metals?

Answer 30

Easily lose electrons | Corrode (rust) Easily

Question 31

Non Metals physical properties?

Answer 31

``` No lustre Low Density Poor Conductor Low melting point Brittle Not Ductile Not Malleable ```

Question 32

Non metals chemical properties?

Answer 32

Tend to gain electricity

Question 33

Metalloid physical properties?

Answer 33

``` Solids Can be shiny or dull Ductile Malleable Decent Conductivity ```

Question 34

Melting Point

Answer 34

When a solid begins to change into its liquid state

Question 35

Boiling Point

Answer 35

The point at which a liquid begins to change into its gas state

Question 36

Condensation

Answer 36

Gas to liquid

Question 37

Evaporation

Answer 37

Liquid to gas

Question 38

Sublimation:

Answer 38

solid to gas, gas to solid

Question 39

Compound

Answer 39

Consists of two or more types of atoms that are chemically bonded. E.g. H2O (Water). Hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

Question 40

Chemical Word Equations

Answer 40

Reactant 1 + Reactant 2 ➡️ (forms) Product 1 + Product 2 | E.g. Zinc + Lead Nitrate —> Zinc Nitrate + Lead

Question 41

Metals on left of periodic table

Answer 41

Left of staircase

Question 42

Periodic table groups

Answer 42

* Going down (numbers across the top) | * Elements in same group have equal valence shell electrons.

Question 43

Periods in PT

Answer 43

Going across

Question 44

Noble Gases

Answer 44

Far right column

Question 45

Group 1 metals?

Answer 45

Alkali metals

Question 46

Group 2 metals?

Answer 46

Alkali earth metals

Question 47

Halogen group?

Answer 47

Second from end

Question 48

Actinide series?

Answer 48

Exon from bottom

Question 49

Lanthanide Series?

Answer 49

Bottom one

Question 50

Atom?

Answer 50

Makes up everything. Singular. Smallest unit of a substance

Question 51

Elements

Answer 51

Pure substance made from only one type of atom. Appears on the periodic table

Question 52

Molecules

Answer 52

A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together. These can be the same type or different types of atoms.

Question 53

Compounds

Answer 53

Two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.

Question 54

Mixture

Answer 54

A substance made of two or more atoms that are not chemically bonded.