Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Saniyahs Flashcards! > Chemistry! 2025 EoY > Flashcards

Chemistry! 2025 EoY Flashcards

1
Q

sign of a chemical reaction (8)

A

1colour change
gas produced
sound
smell
light given off
temp change
new substance formed
irreversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sign of a physical change (2)

A

no new substance
usually reversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

solid —> gas

A

sublimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

solid –> liquid

A

melting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

liquid –> solid

A

freezing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

gas–> solid

A

deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

liquid –> gas

A

evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

gas–> liquid

A

condensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how to draw a solid diagram

A

ALL particles are touching
particles are in NEAT, STRAIGHT ROWS
particles are the same size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how to draw a gas diagram

A

Particles are NOT touching
Particles are in a RANDOM arrangement (everywhere)
particles are the same size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How to draw a liquid diagram

A

START FROM THE BOTTOM
particles are the same size
particles are in Random arrangement
Particles are still slightly touching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

testing for water: chemical test

A

anhydrous copper sulphate
anhydrous copper sulphate–> hydrated copper sulphate (if water is here)
white–> blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

physical test for water

A

Measure boiling point
should be 100 degrees celsius. If not, then not pure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

atom

A

smallest part of an element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

element

A

only one type of atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

molecule

A

two or more ATOMS CHEMICALLY BONDED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

compound

A

two or more DIFFERENT ELEMENTS CHEMICALLY BONDED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are diatomic elements?

A

Elements that form molecules of two atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

diatomic elements? (8)

A

NITROGEN
OXYGEN
FLUORINE
CHLORINE
BROMINE
IODINE
ASTATINE
HYDROGEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more SUBSTANCES NOT CHEMICALLY BONDED ( can be separated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

metalloid

A

non-metal that has metal properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

metal properties (7)

A

solid
shiny
HIGH MELTING POINT
good ELECTRICAL conductors
good THERMAL conductors
sonorous
malleable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

non- metals properties (5)

A

Dull
poor Thermal conductor
soft
poor electrical conductor
low melting point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

(s)

A

solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

(l)

A

liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

(g)

A

gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

(aq)

A

aqueous (dissolved in water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what does pure mean

A

only one type of substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

impure meaning?

A

more than one type of substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

iron properties? (4)

A

solid
grey
magentic
powder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

sulphur properties (4)

A

solid
yellow
powder
non magnetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

diffusion?

A

diffusion is the random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

solvent

A

the liquid that dissolves the solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

soluble

A

can be dissolved (in a certain solvent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

saturated

A

no more solid will dissolve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

solute

A

solid that dissolves in a solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

insoluble

A

can not be dissolved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

solution

A

mixture of solvent and solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

suspension

A

solid spread out in a solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what is solubility

A

a measure of how much solute can dissolve in a certain volume of solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

usual volume of solvent for solubility

A

g per 100g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

under the solubility curve

A

unsaturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

over the solubility curve

A

super saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

on the solubility curve

A

saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

how would you seperate dissolved water and salt

A

evaporation, crystallisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

how would you seperate a mixture of inks

A

chromotography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

how would you seperate ethanol and water

A

distillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

how would you seperate sand and water

A

filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

separate salt FROM water ( want the salt)

A

crystallisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

whats in the atoms nucleus

A

protons and neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

another name for shells

A

energy levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

what is most of the atom made up of

A

NOT AIR, empty space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

what makes an element an element e.g what makes nitrogen, nitrogen

A

number of protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

RELATIVE MASS of a proton

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

RELATIVE MASS of a neutron

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

RELATIVE MASS of a electron

A

1/2000 OR 0.0005

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

RELATIVE CHARGE of a proton

A

+1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

RELATIVE CHARGE of a neutron

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

RELATIVE CHARGE of a electron

A

-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

why are atoms neutral

A

number of protons and electrons are equal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

atomic number?

A

number of protons

62
Q

mass number?

A

protons AND neutrons

63
Q

which ones the mass number

A

TOP NUMBER

64
Q

which ones the atomic number

A

BOTTOM NUMBER

65
Q

isotopes

A

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

66
Q

physical properties of an isotope

A

different masses

67
Q

chemical properties of an isotope

A

same electron configuration

68
Q

what is relative atomic mass (RAM)

A

average mass of an atom including its isotopes and abundance

69
Q

groups in the periodic table mean….

A

number of electrons in outer shell

70
Q

periods in the period table mean…

A

number of shells

71
Q

groups go…

A

down

72
Q

periods go

A

along from the right (dont forget hydrogen)

73
Q

what is the charge of the nucleus

A

positive

74
Q

electrons are the same as what in an atom

A

protons

75
Q

full outer shell =?

A

Atom is stable meaning its unreactive

76
Q

the less electrons lost/ gained =

A

=the more reactive the element

77
Q

ion

A

a charged particle (atom that has lost/ gained electrons)

78
Q

why do atoms form ions

A

to gain a full outer shell and become stable

79
Q

difference between an atom and ion

A

atoms are neutral
ions are charged

80
Q

difference between an atom and ion

A

atoms are neutral
ions are charged

81
Q

which group in the periodic table will not form ions

A

group 8 or 0 (same column at the end) already stable, called noble gases

82
Q

group 4 is what as in stability

A

semi-stable

83
Q

oilrig

A

OXIDATION
IS
LOSS
REDUCTION
IS
GAIN (of electrons

84
Q

ionic COMPOUNDS

A

ionic compounds form between metals and non metals

85
Q

ionic BOND

A

an ionic bond is the strong electrostatic attraction between a positive and negative ions

86
Q

formula for magnesium oxide

A

MgO

87
Q

formula for sodium oxide

A

Na(small 2) O

88
Q

what structure to ionic compounds form

A

a giant ionic lattice

89
Q

properties of ionic compounds (2)

A

High melting point- strong electrostatic attraction =, a lot of energy
hard- strong electrostatic attraction

90
Q

when are ionic compounds conductive

A

solid- not conductive, ions not free to move
solution (dissolved)/ molten- conductive + ions free to move

91
Q

when are ionic compounds soluble

A

soluble in water- ions attracted to water molecules
insoluble in organic solvents- not attracted to organic molecules

92
Q

what is an indicator

A

a chemical that changes colour to tell you about the pH of a substance

93
Q

acidic (sulphuric acid) + methyl orange

A

red

94
Q

acidic (sulphuric acid) + phenolphthalein

A

colourless

95
Q

acidic (sulphuric acid) + universal indicator

A

red

96
Q

acidic (sulphuric acid) + blue litmus paper

A

red

97
Q

acidic (sulphuric acid) + red litmus paper

A

red

98
Q

Neutral (distilled water) + methyl orange

A

yellow

99
Q

Neutral (distilled water) + phenolphthalein

A

colourless

100
Q

Neutral (distilled water) + universal indicator

A

green

101
Q

Neutral (distilled water) + blue litmus paper

A

blue

102
Q

Neutral (distilled water) + red litmus paper

A

red

103
Q

alkaline (sodium hydroxide) + methyl orange

A

yellow

104
Q

alkaline (sodium hydroxide) + phenolphthalein

A

pink

105
Q

alkaline (sodium hydroxide) + universal indicator

A

blue

106
Q

alkaline (sodium hydroxide) + blue litmus paper

A

blue

107
Q

alkaline (sodium hydroxide) + red litmus paper

A

blue

108
Q

why is red litmus paper not a good way of determining if a substance is acidic

A

stays red in acid and neutral

109
Q

how would you use litmus paer to determine if something is neutral

A

use both red and blue litmus paper

110
Q

what is another problem with litmus paper

A

doesnt give an idea on how acidic (pH) the substance is

111
Q

percentage of nitrogen

A

78%

112
Q

percentage of oxygen

A

21%

113
Q

percentage of argon

A

0.9%

114
Q

percentage of carbon dioxide

A

0.035%

115
Q

iron rusting is..

A

iron reacting with oxygen

116
Q

word equation for rusting

A

iron + oxygen—-> iron oxide

117
Q

test for oxygen

A

put a glowing splint in the gas and it’ll relight if its oxygen

118
Q

what is combustion

A

when a substance reacts with oxygen

119
Q

whats the fire triangle

A

oxygen, heat, fuel

120
Q

element + oxygen–>

A

element oxide

121
Q

non-metals form..

A

dioxides e.g. carbon + oxygen–> carbon dioxide

122
Q

metals form…

A

metal oxides e.g. calcium + oxygen–> calcium oxide

123
Q

magnesium + oxygen—>

A

magnesium oxide
bright white light
white powder formed

124
Q

hydrogen + oxygen–>

A

water
squeaky pop

125
Q

sulfur + oxygen–>

A

sulfur dioxide
blue flame

126
Q

metal oxides are what solution

A

metal oxides= alkali solution

127
Q

non-metal oxides are what solution

A

non metal dioxides= acidic solution

128
Q

hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

129
Q

sulphuric acid

A

H2SO4

130
Q

nitric acid

A

HNO3

131
Q

phosphoric acid

A

H3PO4

132
Q

acids are what

A

H+ donors

133
Q

bases are what

A

H+ acceptors

134
Q

alkalis are what

A

OH- donors

135
Q

combustion: carbon test

A

orange sparks

136
Q

combustion: iron test

A

orange flame

137
Q

magnesium- what solution

A

very slightly alkali solution

138
Q

sulfur- what solution

A

very acidic solution

139
Q

sodium hydroxide

A

NaOH

140
Q

potassium hydroxide

A

KOH

141
Q

ammonium hydroxide

A

NH4OH

142
Q

alkalis are what bases

A

are soluble bases

143
Q

the term salt?

A

an ionic compound produced in a chemical reaction

144
Q

acid + base (alkali)–>

A

acid + base (alkali)–> water + salt

145
Q

base and acid method (7)

A

1.Heat the acid (speeds up the reaction)
2.add base while stirring until no more disappear
3. filter out the excess base
4.transfer the solution to an evaporating basin
5. heat until crystals jus begin to form
6. leave to crystallise
7.filter/pick out crystals then pat dry with filter paper

146
Q

to get crystals (4)

A

1.transfer the solution to an evaporating basin
2. heat until crystals jus begin to form
3. leave to crystallise
4.filter/pick out crystals then pat dry with filter paper

147
Q

colour of crystals

A

blue (copper oxide)

148
Q

what is the neutralisation reaction

A

acid+ base

149
Q

what ph/ color would acid + base be

A

green 7, because all the acid has been used up

150
Q

acid + metal carbonate—>

A

acid + metal carbonate—> salt+ water+ carbon dioxide

151
Q

what is precipitate

A

precipitate is an insoluble solid that forms in a solution

Saniyahs Flashcards! (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions