Chemistry #2 Flashcards
Radiation
An unstable nucleus emits excess energy as radiation in the form of gamma rays or fast-moving sub-atomic particles
Exothermic
describes chemical reactions that give out heat energy to the surroundings
Endothermic
describes chemical reactions that absorb heat energy from the surroundings
State
the condition in which matter exists
(L)
liquid
(g)
gas
(aq) / aqueous
aqueous - dissolved in water
(s)
solid
Reactants
what is being formed by a chemical reaction
product
it is what is formed after a chemical reation
precipitate
an insoluble solid that emerges from a liquid solution
Law of Conservation of Mass
law that states that, in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is the same as the total mass of the products
Law of Constant Proportions
law that states that, in chemical compounds, the ratio of the elements is always the same
Chemical Process
a reaction that changes the arrangement of the atoms or molecules of the substances involved
Chemical Energy
energy stored in chemical bonds that is released during chemical reactions
Synthesis Reaction
Synthesis reactions occur when two chemicals combine to form one larger chemical
Decomposition Reaction (opposite of synthesis reaction)
Decomposition Reactions occur when one chemical breaks up to form two or more smaller chemical
Combustion Reactions
If you’ve got something organic (something that contains both carbon and hydrogen atoms) that reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapour (plus lots of energy).
Single Displacement Reactions
Single displacement reactions occur when the atoms of a pure element replace those of an element in a chemical compound.
Double Displacement Reaction (precipitation reaction)
A Double Displacement Reaction is when the cations of two ionic compounds switch places.
Acid-Base Reactions
Acid_Base reactions are just double displacement reactions in which water is formed. Example: When you eat chili and use milk to cancel out the stomach pain, which is a Acid-Base reaction
