chemistry

Question 1

isotope

Answer 1

an atom of an element that has the same number of protons but not nuetrons

Question 2

1st ionization energy

Answer 2

the amount of energy it takes to remove 1 electron from 1 mole of a gaseous atom

Question 3

2nd ionization energy

Answer 3

the amount of energy needed to remove 1 electron from 1 mole of a gaseous +1 ion

Question 4

relative atomic mass

Answer 4

average mass of an atom/1/12 average mass of carbon-12

Question 5

mole

Answer 5

amount of substance containing 6.02 x 10^23 particles

Question 6

ideal gas characteristics

Answer 6

has no volume, the collisions are elastic and the particles dont interact

Question 7

real gas characteristics

Answer 7

has volume, energy is lost in collisions (collisions are not elastic), has intermolecular forces between particles

Question 8

gas formula and avagrados constant

Answer 8

PV = nRT and 6.02 x 10^23

Question 9

what determines chemical properties

Answer 9

electron configuration

Question 10

what determines physical properties

Answer 10

atomic mass (neutron number)

Question 11

shielding effect

Answer 11

decreased attraction between nucleus and valence electron as the valence shell gets further away from the nucleus making it easier to remove an electron

Question 12

why does ionization energy increase across a period

Answer 12

shielding effect, number of shells however ionic radius decreases making the attraction between the nucleus and electrons stronger.

Question 13

why does ionization energy decrease down a group

Answer 13

the number of shell increases (less electrostatic attraction), shielding increases as a result, ionic radius also increases