Chemistry Flashcards
What is the term for the process of breaking down larger hydrocarbons into smaller ones?
Cracking
Multiple Choice: Which of the following products is derived from crude oil? A) Ethanol B) Propane C) Solar energy D) Wind energy
B) Propane
What is the impact of oil prices on the global economy?
Oil prices can influence inflation, transportation costs, and the overall economic stability of oil-dependent countries.
True or False: Crude oil can be used as a source of energy.
True
How does increasing the surface area of a solid reactant affect the rate of reaction?
The rate of reaction is quicker.
A larger surface area allows more reactant particles to be exposed for interaction.
Why does an increased surface area lead to a quicker reaction?
There is more surface area for the reactants to react with.
This results in a higher frequency of collisions between reactant particles.
What happens to particles when they are heated?
They have more kinetic energy.
How does heating affect particle movement?
Particles move around more.
What is the result of increased particle movement?
More collisions occur.
Fill in the blank: When concentration increases, the rate of _______ increases.
[collision events]
What happens to particles when they are heated?
They gain more kinetic energy
Increased kinetic energy leads to more movement and collisions among particles.
How does heating affect the movement of particles?
Particles move around more
This results in an increased rate of collisions.
What is the relationship between concentration and reaction rate?
As concentration increases, the rate of reaction increases
More particles in the same volume lead to more frequent collisions.
Fill in the blank: When concentration increases, collisions are _______.
more frequent
Explain why an increase in concentration leads to an increased rate of reaction.
There are more particles in the same volume, leading to more frequent collisions
This is a fundamental concept in collision theory.
Why does increased surface area affect reaction speed?
There is more surface area for the reactants to react with, so the reaction occurs quicker.
What is the definition of a catalyst?
A catalyst speeds up the rate of a reaction without being used up.
How do catalysts work?
They provide a surface area for the reactants to bind to.
What does the symbol ‘⇌’ indicate in a chemical reaction?
A reaction going forwards and backwards (reversible reaction)
This symbol is used to represent that the reactants can form products and the products can revert back to reactants.
What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?
When a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed, the system shifts to counteract the disturbance and restore equilibrium
This principle helps predict how changes in conditions (like concentration, pressure, and temperature) affect the position of equilibrium.
What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?
If the conditions are changed in a reversible reaction, then the system will counteract that change.
Examples of conditions include temperature, pressure, and concentration.
What is the formula for calculating rates of reaction?
mean rate of reaction = quantity of product formed / time taken
This formula allows for the calculation of how quickly a chemical reaction produces a product.
Fill in the blank: The mean rate of reaction is calculated by dividing the quantity of product formed by _______.
time taken
This emphasizes the relationship between product quantity and time in determining reaction rates.
How do you calculate the mean rate of reaction if 650g of product is made in 50 seconds?
Mean Rate = 650g / 50s = 13g/s
This calculation shows the step-by-step process of determining the mean rate of reaction.
