Chemistry Flashcards
1
Q
Atomic Theory
A
matter is composed of atoms (smallest unit of elements, consisting of protons, neutrons, & electrons)
2
Q
Bohr Model
A
- electrons orbiting nucleus in fixed energy levels/shells
- energy is quantized (discrete)
3
Q
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
A
- John Dalton
- elements consist of indivisible atoms
- atoms of same element are identical
- compounds are formed from combinations of different atoms
4
Q
Quantum Mechanical Model
A
- describes electrons in terms of probability distribution around nucleus
- atomic orbitals
5
Q
Rutherford’s Model
A
- Ernest Rutherford
- atoms have small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons
- discovery of nuclear structure
6
Q
Thomson’s Model
A
- J.J. Thomson
- plum-pudding model
- negatively charged electrons w/in positively charged soup
7
Q
Acids Naming
A
based on anion:
- -ate –> -ic
- -ite –> -ous
8
Q
Binary Compounds
A
- typically named w/ less electronegative element 1st
- suffix -ide for 2nd element
9
Q
IUPAC Naming
A
- International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- rules for naming organic and inorganic compounds
10
Q
Polyatomic Ions
A
- 2+ atoms covalently bonded w/ overall charge
- often included in compound names
11
Q
Anode
A
- electrode where oxidation occurs
- galvanic: negative
- electrolytic: positive
12
Q
Cathode
A
- electrode where reduction occurs
- galvanic: positive
- electrolytic: negative
13
Q
Cell Potential (E°cell)
A
- difference in electric potential between 2 electrodes
- galvanic: E°cell = E°cathode - E° anode
14
Q
Concentration Cell
A
type of galvanic cell where electrodes are same material but different concentrations of electrolyte create a voltage
15
Q
Conductivity
A
ability to conduct electric current
16
Q
Corrosion
A
deterioration (usually metal) due to redox reactions often resulting in rust formation in the presence of H2O & O2
