Chemistry

Question 1

What is the periodic table?

Answer 1

A table that details information about the elements.

Question 2

How are the elements arranged?

Answer 2

They are arranged to emphasize important property similarities between one another.

Question 3

The chemical symbol of each element is a ___, ___, or ___ letter abbreviation.

Answer 3

One, Two, or Three

Question 4

True or false, the first letter of an element’s chemical symbol is always capitalized.

Answer 4

True.

Question 5

What happens when there is more than one letter in a chemical symbol?

Answer 5

The other letters will be written in lowercase.

Question 6

What are all substances made up of?

Answer 6

The elements.

Question 7

What are elements made up of?

Answer 7

Atoms.

Question 8

List the ways scientists distinguish the atoms of different elements.

Answer 8

Different names, different symbols, and the atomic number.

Question 9

What is an atom comprised of?

Answer 9

Protons, Neutrons, Electrons.

Question 10

The atomic number is equal to the amount of ___ and ___ in the atom.

Answer 10

Protons and Electrons.

Question 11

How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 11

Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass.

Question 12

What are the vertical columns on a periodic table called?

Answer 12

Groups and/or Families.

Question 13

What are the horizontal rows on a periodic table called?

Answer 13

Periods.

Question 14

At the top of each column is a number representing the ______.

Answer 14

Family number.

Question 15

At the side of each row is also a ______.

Answer 15

Period number.

Question 16

Where are metals and nonmetals located on the periodic table?

Answer 16

Metals - to the left of the staircase.
Nonmetals - to the right of the staircase.

Question 17

Where are metalloids on the periodic table?

Answer 17

Along the periodic table staircase.

Question 18

What are the properties of metal?

Answer 18

Luster (how shiny and reflective of light they are),

Ductility (the ability to be drawn into wires),

Good conductivity,

Malleable (can be flattened, hammered, or rolled into sheets)

Question 19

What are the properties of nonmetals?

Answer 19

Little to no luster (dull)

Poor conductors of heat/electricity

Brittleness

Lack of a characteristic colour

Question 20

What are the properties of metalloids?

Answer 20

Dull, grey appearance

Malleability

Poor conductors of heat unless combined with metals that increases conductivity.

Question 21

What are alloys?

Answer 21

The combination of two or more metals.

Question 22

What are Bhor diagrams?

Answer 22

They represent models of atoms.

Question 23

What is a valance electron?

Answer 23

The electrons in the outermost orbital (last orbital).

Question 24

True or false, there is a maximum of two electrons in the first orbital, 6 in the second, and eight in the third.

Answer 24

False, two in the first, eight in the second, and eight in the third.

Question 25

Where are the Nobel Gasses on the periodic table?

Answer 25

In the last column of the periodic table, group 18.

Question 26

True or False, Nobel Gasses are unstable because they have completely full/empty valance orbitals.

Answer 26

False, having a completely full/empty valance orbital makes them stable.

Question 27

All atoms on the periodic table want to be ____.

Answer 27

Stable.

Question 28

How do atoms become stable?

Answer 28

They gain, lose, and share electrons with one another to make their valance orbital completely full/empty.

Question 29

What happens when atoms gain, share, and lose electrons?

Answer 29

They become ions.

Question 30

What makes an ion similar to an atom?

Answer 30

Same atomic number, same mass number, same protons and neutrons.

Question 31

What makes an ion different to an atom?

Answer 31

They have a different number of electrons.

Question 32

Atoms are electrically _____.

Answer 32

Neutral.

Question 33

True or False, ions are electrically neutral.

Answer 33

False, the number of protons they have is not equal to the number of electrons.

Question 34

How are compounds created?

Answer 34

By atoms linking up. They form molecules which is how elements are able to form compounds.

Question 35

How can a compound be represented?

Answer 35

By a combination of elements and subscript numbers.

Question 36

What are chemical formulas compared to?

Answer 36

Recipes, they tell us what elements are involved, and how many there are in the compound.

Question 37

What are some examples of a compound?

Answer 37

Water - H2O Table salt - NaCl Sugar - C6H1206

Question 38

How many electrons do metals usually have in their valance orbital?

Answer 38

Less than four.

Question 39

How many electrons do non-metals usually have in their valance orbital?

Answer 39

More than four.

Question 40

____ lend electrons to ____.

Answer 40

Metals lend electrons to Nonmetals.

Question 41

True or False, all elements link up with one another.

Answer 41

False, nobel gasses do not because they are already stable to begin with.

Question 42

What difference between a compound and an element?

Answer 42

An element is made up of only one type of particle. Compounds are two or more elements chemically combined.

Question 43

Describe Bhor's model of an atom.

Answer 43

Nucleus is in the center, with electrons surrounding the nucleus in their energy levels/electron orbits.

Question 44

What are atoms?

Answer 44

The building blocks of all matter.