Chemistry Flashcards
Which direction are the groups on the Periodic table?
Vertical
What direction are the periods in on the Periodic table?
Horizontal
What do the dots on a Lewis Dot Diagram represent?
The valence electrons of the element
How can you tell the number of valence electrons in an element?
Based on the number of the group that the element is in
Ex; Al is in third group, has 3 valence electrons
What is the name for a positively charged ion?
Cation
(ca+ion)
What is the name of a negatively charged ion?
Anion
(anion)
_ _
What is an Ion?
An element that has a charge.
A normal element will have the same number of protons and electrons, but an Ion will be imbalanced
List 4 pieces of evidence that point to a chemical change
- Colour Changes
- Precipitation (2 liquids make a solid)
- Change in Temperature (heat is gained or lost)
- Gas is Produced
Name the 5 different types of reactions
- Synthesis
- Decomposition
- Single Displacement
- Double Displacement
- Combustion
What is this reaction called when two elements come together to create a bigger compound?
Synthesis
What is this reaction called when a bigger compound is broken down?
Decomposition
What is this reaction when one element gets kicked out of their house? “oh no I’ve been evicted :(“
Single Displacement
What is this reaction when two elements get kicked out of their homes?
“oh no I’ve been evicted :( x2”
Double Displacement
When the products are H2O and CO2, what is the reaction?
Combustion
What defines a physical change?
When the makeup of the compound isn’t altered or could be reversed
What are Ionic compounds made up of?
A metal and a non-metal
How do Ionic compounds bond with each other?
They transfers electrons between them, which bonds them together
What are Molecular Compounds made up for?
a non-metal and a non-metal
How do Molecular Compounds bond together?
They will bond and share electrons between them, instead of transferring them completely
What words must you always add to the written formula names of Molecular Compounds?
You must add prefixes to show their charges, unless it’s the first word with a charge of one
What ion do Acids have the most of?
They have lots of H+ ions, which they will release
What ion do Bases have the most of?
They have many OH- ions, which they will release
Where are Acids on the pH scale?
They are lower than 7
Where are Bases on the pH scale?
They are higher than 7
