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manifesting academic comeback > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

To learn chem and not die

1
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

A process in which substances interact, causing different substances with different properties to form.

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2
Q

What are some factors that affect the rate of chemical reaction?

A
  • Temperature - up temp, up rate of reaction
  • Concentration - up concentration, up rate of reaction
  • Surface area - up surface area, up rate of reaction
  • Addition of a catalyst - add a catalyst, up rate of reaction
  • Type of particle - the simpler the type of reactant, the faster the rate of reaction
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3
Q

Identify the coefficients in the following chemical reaction:
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

A

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

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4
Q

What is a coefficient?

A

In a balanced chemical equation, a positive number that is placed in front of a formula to show the relative number of particles of the substance that are involved in the reaction

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5
Q

What is the formula for a synthesis reaction?

A

A + B = AB

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6
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction:
Metal + non-metal → ?

A

Metal + non-metal → ionic compound

Example: Mg + Br2 → MgBr2

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7
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction:
? + ?→ ionic compound

A

Metal + non-metal → ionic compound

Example: Mg + Br2 → MgBr2

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8
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction:
metal chlorides + oxygen → ?

A

metal chlorides + oxygen → metal chlorate

Example: LiCl + O2 → LiCLO2

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9
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction:
? + ? → metal chlorate

A

metal chlorides + oxygen → metal chlorate

Example: LiCl + O2 → LiCLO2

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10
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction:
metal carbonate + water + carbon dioxide → ?

A

metal carbonate + water + carbon dioxide → metal bicarbonate

Example: LiCO3 + H2O + CO2 → LiHCO3

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11
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction: ?+?+? → metal bicarbonate

A

metal carbonate + water + carbon dioxide → metal bicarbonate

Bicarbonate is also written as HCO3^-

Example: LiCO3 + H2O + CO2 → LiHCO3

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12
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction: metal oxide + carbon dioxide → ?

A

metal oxide + carbon dioxide → metal carbonate

Li2 + CO2 → Li2CO3

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13
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction: ? + ? → metal carbonate

A

metal oxide + carbon dioxide → metal carbonate

Example: Li2 + CO2 → Li2CO3

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14
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction: metal oxide + water →

A

metal oxide + water → metal hydroxide

Example: BeO + H2O → Be(OH)2

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15
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction: ? + ? → metal hydroxide

A

metal oxide + water → metal hydroxide

Example: BeO + H2O → Be(OH)2

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16
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction: non-metal oxide + water → ?

A

non-metal oxide + water → acid

Example: SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

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17
Q

Complete the synthesis reaction: ? + ? → acid

A

non-metal oxide + water → acid

Example: SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

18
Q

What are the 3 types of synthesis reactions?

A

1 two elements forming a binary compound
H2 + O2 → H2O
2 an element and a compound forming a new compound
3 two compounds forming a new compound

19
Q

What is a decomposition reaction?

A

A chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into elements or simpler compounds

20
Q

What is the formula for a decompositiom reaction?

A

AB = A + B

21
Q

What is the one type of decomposition reaction that is not a reverse of a synthesis reaction?

A

Metal bicarbonate → carbon dioxide + water + metal carbonate

Example: Mg(HCO3) → CO2 + H2O + MgCO3

22
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

A process that uses electrical energy to cause a chemical reaction

23
Q

What is a combustion reaction?

A

The reaction of a compound or element with oxygen.

24
Q

What does a blue flame indicate in a combustion reaction?

A

A blue flame indicates that complete combustion is occurring

25
Q

What does a yellow flame indicate in a combustion reaction?

A

A yellow flame indicates that an incomplete combustion reaction is taking place.

26
Q

Complete the following combustion reaction:
Metal + oxygen gas → ?

A

Metal + oxygen gas → metal oxide

Fe + O2 → Fe2O2

27
Q

Complete the following combustion reaction:
? + ? → metal oxide

A

Metal + oxygen gas → metal oxide

28
Q

In what case is a combustion reaction considered a “complete combustion reaction”?

A

If it occurs in the presense of sufficient oxygen

29
Q

What is the formula for a complete combustion reaction?

A

Hydrocarbon (g or 𝓁) + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide gas + water vapour

Example: C2H6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

30
Q

In what case is a combustion reaction considered an “incomplete combustion reaction”?

A

If it occurs in the absense of sufficient oxygen

31
Q

What is the formula for a incomplete combustion reaction?

A

Hydrocarbon + oxygen(g) → carbon dioxide(g) + water(g) + carbon(s) + carbon monoxide(g)

C4H10 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + C + CO

32
Q

Is the following formula for a complete or incomplete combustion reaction?
Hydrocarbon (g or 𝓁) + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide gas + water vapour

A

Complete

33
Q

Is the following formula for a complete or incomplete combustion reaction?

A

Hydrocarbon + oxygen(g) → carbon dioxide(g) + water(g) + carbon(s) + carbon monoxide(g)

34
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A compound that is composed only of the elements carbon and hydrogen (CxHy)

35
Q

What is soot?

A

Fine particles consisting mostly of carbon, formed during the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon

36
Q

What are single displacement reactions?

A

a chemical reaction in which one element in a compound is replaced (displaced) by another element

37
Q

What are the two formulas for single displacement reactions?

A

metal displaces another metal
A + BX → AX + B
Non-metal displaces another non-metal
AX + Y → AY + X

38
Q

What is the formula for when a metal displaces a metal in a single displacement reaction?

A

A + BX → AX + B

39
Q

What is the formula for when a nonmetal displaces a nonmetal in a single displacement reaction?

A

AX + Y → AY + X

40
Q
A

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