Chemistry Flashcards
What is the basic unit of all living organisms?
The cell
What is the smallest unit of a cell?
The atom
True or False: Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
True
What is the charge of a proton?
Positive
What is the charge of an electron?
Negative
What is the charge of a neutron?
Neutral
Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and neutrons.
Protons
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in the nucleus
What is the atomic mass of an element?
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
What is the charge of an atom if it gains an electron?
Negative
What is the charge of an atom if it loses an electron?
Positive
What is the outermost part of an atom called?
Electron shell
True or False: Electrons closest to the nucleus have higher energy levels.
False
What is the term for atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?
Isotopes
What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?
Covalent bond
What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?
Ionic bond
What is the term for a charged atom?
Ion
Fill in the blank: The atomic number is equal to the number of ______ in an atom.
Protons
What is the term for an atom that has gained or lost electrons?
Ion
What is the term for the outermost electron shell of an atom?
Valence shell
What is the term for the attraction between oppositely charged ions?
Ionic bond
What is the term for a molecule with an unequal distribution of charges?
Polar molecule
What is the term for a molecule with an even distribution of charges?
Nonpolar molecule
What is the term for a weak attraction between slightly positive and slightly negative regions of molecules?
Hydrogen bond
What are elements?
An element is a fundamental item that can’t be easily broken into smaller pieces
What is a compound?
A pure substance made from more than one type of element chemically bonded together
What is the periodic table?
a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in vertical columns.
What are electrons?
An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free
What are electrons?
An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free
What are protons?
The proton is a subatomic particle with a positive electrical charge
What are neutrons
The neutron is one of the three subatomic particles that make up an atom. The neutron however does not have a charge.
