Chemistry Flashcards
Acid + Base
Salt + water
Acid + metal
salt + hydrogen
Arrhenius Definitions
Acids are substances that dissociate to produce H+ ions
Bases are substance that dissociate to produce OH- ions
Acid + carbonate
salt + H2O + CO2
Enthalpy (Heat energy)
amount of chemical energy stored in individual bonds
Hess’s Law
The enthalpy change for the overall reaction is equal to the sum of the enthalpies for the individual steps
exothermic
The substance releases heat - Reactants have more energy than the product
Endothermic
The substance absorbs energy from the surrounding - Products have more energy than the product
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
The number of particles in a reaction that have energy greater than the activation energy and successfully react
Chromatography
The mobile phase which is the solvent, moves through the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a high surface area or liquid coated onto a solid support. It always stays still. The mobile phase moves through and carries a sample (solute) over the stationary phase, depending on intermolecular forces. This makes different components move at different rates and separate them
Alkalinity
ability of water to resist becoming a acid