Chemistry Flashcards
What is volume typically measured in?
mL or cm3
How many L are in 1 mL?
1mL=0.001L
How many liters are in 1 gallon?
3.79 L
How many pints are in 1 L?
2.11 pints
What unit is mass usually measured in?
Grams or kilograms
How many lbs are in 1 kg?
2.2 lbs
How many ounces are in 1 lb?
16 oz
What is length commonly measured in?
Meters, centimeters or millimeters
How many cm are in 1 in?
2.54 cm
How many cm are in 1 ft?
30.5 cm
How many cm are in 1 yd?
91.44 cm
How many miles are in 1 km?
0.621 miles
What are the 4 fundamental states of matter?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
What are the characteristics of a solid?
Closely packed particles that are held together by strong intermolecular forces to form a definite shape
When heated above melting point it turns into a liquid
What are the characteristics of a liquid?
Weaker intermolecular forces than a solid which allows the particles to have more freedom of movement
Turns into a gas when heated above boiling point
What is are the characteristics of a gas?
Particles that have enough kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces and can move freely.
Heating a gas to high extremes can produce plasma.
What is plasma?
A cloud of free electrons and positively charged ions.
What are elements made up of?
Atoms
What are atoms made of?
Negativity charged electrons
Positively charged protons
Neutral neutrons
What makes up the nucleus of the atom?
Protons
Neutrons
What are the characteristics of the nucleus of an atom?
Very small diameter compared to overall size of the atom
Where most of the atom’s mass is concentrated
Where are the electrons located in an atom?
Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells
What takes up most of the atom’s volume?
The free space between the nucleus and electrons
What does an element’s nuclear symbol tell you?
How many electrons, protons, and neutrons make up the atom
