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MCAT equations > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Formal Charge

A

VE - ½ BE - LPE

VE - valence electrons
BE - bonding electrons (in pairs)
LPE - lone pair electrons

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2
Q

Percent yield

A

actual mass of desired product/
theoretical mass of desired product
x 100%

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3
Q

Kelvin Temperature

A

K = C + 273.15

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4
Q

Heat

A

Q = mcΔT

Q - heat
m - mass
c - specific heat
ΔT - change in temperature

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5
Q

Enthalpy of the reaction

A

ΔH rxn = ΔHbonds broken - ΔHbonds formed

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6
Q

Gibbs Free Energy

A

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

ΔG - change in Gibbs free energy
ΔH - change in enthalpy
T - temperature
ΔS - change in entropy

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7
Q

Gibbs Free energy of a reaction

A

ΔGo rxn = ΔGo products - ΔGo reactants

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8
Q

Gibbs free energy of reaction - ideal gas

A

ΔG rxn = ΔGo rxn + RTlnQ

ΔG rxn - Gibbs free energy of the reaction
ΔG° rxn - Gibbs free energy of the reaction under
standard conditions
R - ideal gas constant
T - temperature
Q - Reaction quotient

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9
Q

Gibbs Free energy of a reaction at equilibrium

A

ΔGo rxn = -RTlnKeq

ΔG° rxn - Gibbs free energy of the reaction under
standard conditions
R - ideal gas constant
T - temperature
Keq - equilibrium constant

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10
Q

van der Waals equation

A

(P + an^2/V^2 )(V - nb) = nRT

P - pressure
V - Volume
n - moles of gas
R - ideal gas constant
T - Temperature
a - the attractive forces factor
b - the volume factor

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11
Q

Daltons Law of partial pressure

A

Pgas = Xgas (Ptotal)

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12
Q

Boyles Law

A

Pressure/Volume = constant

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13
Q

Charles Law

A

Volume/Temp

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14
Q

Gay-Lussac’s Law

A

Pressure/Temp = constant

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15
Q

Molality

A

m = moles of solute/ kilograms of solvent = mol/kg

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16
Q

Molarity

A

M = moles of solute/liters of solution = mol/L

17
Q

Raoults Law

A

vapor pressure of solution = mole fraction of solvent/vapor pressure of pure solvent

18
Q

Boiling point elevation

A

ΔTb = iKbm

ΔTb - magnitude of boiling point elevation
i - van ‘t Hoff factor
Kb - boiling point elevation constant
m - molality

19
Q

Freezing point depression

A

ΔTf = iKfm

ΔTf - magnitude of freezing point depression
i - van ‘t Hoff factor
Kf - freezing point depression constant
m - molality

20
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

Π = iMRT

Π - osmotic pressure
i - van ‘t Hoff factor
M - molarity
R - ideal gas constant
T - temperature

21
Q

Reaction rate

A

rate = k[A]^x[B]^y

rate - reaction rate
k - rate constant
[A] and [B] - concentration of reactants
x and y - order of reaction with respect to each
reactant

22
Q

pH

A

-log[H3O+]

23
Q

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

A

pH = pKa + log [A-]/
[HA]

pH - pH of the solution
pKa - pKa
of acid
[HA] - concentration of acid
[A-] - concentration of conjugate base

MCAT equations (3 decks)

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