chemistry Flashcards
Differentiate between elements, compounds and molecules
Elements- made up of just one type of atom
Molecules: two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds.
Compounds: different types of atoms could combine to form new substances
Describe the structure of the atom in terms of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Atoms are made up of sub-atomic particles: Protons (positively charged), Neutrons (neutral) and electrons (negatively charged). The nucleus is made up of the protons and neutrons and electron orbit around it.
Determine the number of subatomic particles in an atom form an element’s atomic number and mass
protons make up the element’s atomic number, and protons and neutrons added together make up the element’s mass. The electron is usually the same amount as the proton.
Identify metals and non-metals on the periodic table.
Predict ionic charges from the periodic table
cations(positive) and anions(negative) add/subtract to 4, 1-2 positive, 3-12 negative, 13-17 positive 18 is neutral
Define ions and differentiate cations from anions
ions are positively/negatively charged of atoms, cations are positive ions, anions are negative ions.
Be able to differentiate between neutral atoms, isotopes and ions
ions are positively/negatively charged of atoms, isotopes are same element that has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons and neutral atoms has an equal number of electrons and protons.
Explain the Law of Conservation of Mass using experimental data
mass of an object cannot be created nor destroyed, cannot be lost
Identify and explain the difference between a physical change and a chemical change
Physical change is no new substance is created, can be separated easily, chemical change is when a new substance or more than one is created and can’t be separated
Apply the Law of Conservation of Matter to balance chemical equations.
