Chemistry Flashcards
How close do solids particles stay together
Very close
How close do liquids stay together
Quite close
How close do gases stay together
Wide apart all on their own
How is tye solid partical arranged
They are ordered
How are liquids arranged
They are random
How are gases arranged
They are random
How does the solid particals move
They vibrate only
Hod does liquids move
They move freely
How do gases move
They move fairly freely
Why do gases and liquids take the shape of their container
Their particals move more freely due to being less compact
Why cant solids move around freely
They are more compact meaning they can’t move around as freely
Why can gases be squsihed together
As there are big spaces between the particles which can be pushed together
Why can’t solids and liquids be squished together
The particles are so close together so they cant be pushed together
What are electrons
Electrons are blue small balls that rotate around the nucleaus that give off negative energy
What are protons
Protons are red balls inside the neucleas that give off postive energy
What is the newton
A green ball in the neucleaus that give off no charge
What makes up the mass number
Number of protons + number of neutrons
How do you find the atomic number
Number of protons + electrons
What is the biggest amount of electrons in a atom (circle one)
2
What is the biggest amount of atoms in (circle two)
8
What is the biggest amount of atoms in (circle 3)
8
What is the biggest amount of circles in (circle 4)
2
What is an element
A pure substance of one tipe of atom
What is a compound
Where two or more atoms are joined together with a certain sequence (chemicaly bonded)
What is a mixture
Where there is a mix of different elements
What is the region where electrons are found orbiting
Shell/energy
What two types of particles are found in the nucleus
Neutrons and protons
What is the name of the particle that has a 1 and another +1 in relative mass and charge
Proton
What is the name of the particle that has a relative mass of 1 and 0
Neutron
What do particles in a gas have that liquids and solids don’t
They have more energy in each particle
Why do particels in a gas move quicker than in any another state
They move quicker because they have a higher level of kinetic energy.
What is the term ment when something is a pure substance
It only contains one substance dg (Gold or water or oxygen)
What is ment by the term the sharp boling point
It has a precious point at which melts or boils
What is the relative mass and charge of a proton
1 Relative Mass and +1 charge
What is relative mass and charge of a neutron
A relative mass of 1 and charge of 0
What is the relative mass of a electron and charge
Very small relative mass and a charge of 1
What does Mon mean (number of)
1 of something
What does CO mean
1 Carbon + 1 Oxygen which is Carbon Monoxide
What does di mean in (number of something)
Two of something
What it CO2
1 Carbon + 2 Oxygens = Carbon Dioxide
What is a period row
The horzontial (left to right)
What is a group row
The vertical(up and down)
Explain what eveapration is
When a liquid turns into a gas
What is condensation
When water vapour (gas) turns into water
What is melting
It is when ice (solid) is heated and changes into water (liquid)
What is freezing
If water (liquid) is cooled, it changes to ice (solid
Name the four physical properties of a solid
Fixed volume,cannot be compressed,does not flow and high density
Name the five physical properties of a liquid
Fixed volume,changes shape,cannot be compressed,flows eaily and high density
Name the three correct physical properties of a gas
Changes shape,flows easily,low density
Why cant a solid be compressed
A solid can’t be compressed because the space between each partical is too small
Why can a gas be compressed
In a gas the particals are more spread out and can be pushed closer when squashed under pressure
Why can a liquid flow
Liquids can flow due to not having a fixed shape or position.This means they can move past each other.
Why can’t solids not flow
The particles in a solid are fixed,each partical can’t move past one another
Why do lollies turn into liquids on a hot day
The tempratue increase causes the particles of the lolly gain energy from it’s surrounding which become displaced and cause it to vibrate rapidly then break and particles can then move.
What is the radius of an atom
0.1
Where is most of the mass in a atom
It’s in the centre
Which of the following are compounds oxygen,salt water,magnesium oxide,sodium chloride,nitrogen
Magnesium oxide and sodium chloride
What is the meaning of a compound
2 or more elements chemically joined
What is the chemical symbol for Oxygen
O
What is the chemical symbol for Lithium
Li
What is the chemical symbol for sodium
Na
What is the chemical symbol for potassium
K
What is the chemical symbol for Helium
He
what is the chemical symbol for carbon
C
what is the chemical symbol for magnesium
Mg
What is the definition of a mixture
Two or more elements together that are not chemically joined and be easily separated
What is NaCl
Sodium chloride,sodium and chlorine
What is MgO
Magnesium oxide, magnesium and oxygen
What is MgS
Magnessium sulfide,magnessium and sulfur
What is FeS
Iron sufide, iron and sulfur
Name a few gases
Argon,neon,xenon,radon
Why are the noble gases so unreactive
Their outer shell is full of electrons
What happens to the reactivness of an alkali the lower down the table you go
It increases
Why do the numbers of electrons increase the further you go from an electron
They are futher from the nucleaus which means there is less pull on the outer electrons so the atom is mire likely to loose an electron
Sodium + water= sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
2Na+ 2H2(small)O=2NaOH+H2(small)
List 4 Halogens
Chlorine,fluorine,iodine,astantie
How many electrons are in the outer shell
7 electrons
Describe how reactivity changes as you go down the group
They become less reactive,the atom become larger because there are more electron shell that are futher from the nucleus so the pul of the neucleus is less.So the electron is likely to be gained as there is less of a positive pull
