Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gr 10 Science > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

matter

A

anything that takes up space and has mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

chemistry

A

the study of matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

physical properties

A

characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing chemical identity (colour, texture)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

chemical properties

A

describe the ability of matter to react with another substance to form different substances (combustibility, lack or reactivity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

physical change

A

change of matter that does not alter its chemical identity or composition (freezing of water to form ice)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

chemical change

A

change of matter that produces new substances (colour change, formation of bubbles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

atoms bond together to form…

A

ionic and covalent compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

a chemical equation represents…

A

what happens to atoms in a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pure substance

A

Matter made up of a single element or compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

compound

A

made up of atoms of 2 or more different elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ionic compound

A

compound made up of oppositely charged ions, one negative and one positive. Made by the transfer of electrons from one element to another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ionic bond

A

strong attraction that forms between oppositely charged ions. In this, atoms transfer electrons to from the positively charged ion to the negatively charged ion, becoming stable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

covalent compound

A

strong attraction between atoms that forms when atoms share valence electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

molecule

A

particle made up of two or more atoms bonded by covalent bonds. most covalent compounds exist as molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

elements combine with compounds to form…

A

new compounds and new elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

law of conservation of mass

A

in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the substances used is equal to the total mass of the substances produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

chemical equation

A

the representation of a chemical reaction using words or chemical formulas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

reactant

A

a substance that undergoes a chemical change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

product

A

a substance formed in a chemical change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

word equation

A

shows the names of the chemical elements and compounds in a chemical reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

skeleton equation

A

shows the chemical formulas in a chemical reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

balanced equation

A

shows the reactants and products in the chemical equation with coefficients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diatomic elements

A

Type of element that cannot exsist as a single atom. (HOFBRINCL)

24
Q

polyatomic elements

A

many atoms of the same element joined by a covalent bond (S8, P4)

25
Q

subscripts

A

indicate how many atoms of each element are present (in Al2Br3, 2 and 3 are the subscripts)

26
Q

coefficients

A

indicate how many molecules are present (in 2S8, 2 is the coefficient)

27
Q

how do u balance a chemical equation

A

number of atoms on the reactant side must equal number of atoms on product side. law of conservation of mass is reflected in balanced chemical equation. use coefficients in front of chemical formula

28
Q

matter and energy react in __ and __ changes

A

physical and chemical

29
Q

synthesis reaction

A

chemical reaction in which 2 or more reactants combine to form single product. most are exothermic. A + B = AB

30
Q

decomposition reaction

A

chemical reaction in which compound is broken down into elements or simpler compounds. most are endothermic. AB = A + B

31
Q

single replacement reaction

A

chemical reaction in which an element and compound react to produce another element and another compound. A + BX = AX + B

32
Q

double replacement reaction

A

chemical reaction in which solutions of 2 ionic compounds react to produce 2 new compounds. precipitate (ppt) is usually produced. metal replaces metal, non metal replaces non metal. AX + BY = AY + BX

33
Q

combustion reaction

A

chemical reaction in which compound or element reacts with oxygen to produce an oxide of element. many produce heat and light. also refers to burning of hydrocarbons to produce CO2 and H2O

34
Q

hydrocarbon

A

compound that consists of carbon and hydrogen. general equation for combustion of hydrocarbon is CxHy + O2 = CO2 + H2O. hydrocarbon combustions are exothermic.

35
Q

acid

A

compound that forms H+ ions when dissolved in water. chemical formula for acid has H in it

36
Q

base

A

compound that forms OH- ions when dissolved in water. chemical formula for base has OH in it

37
Q

acid-base indicators

A

used to identify acids and bases by changing colours

38
Q

pH scale

A

used to measure pH. ranges from 0-14, if solution has pH if less than 7, it’s acidic. basic solutions have pH of greater than 7. neutral substances have pH of equal to 7.

39
Q

neutralization reaction

A

chemical reaction in which acid reacts with base to form salt and water. it is type of double replacement reaction. (e.g. HCl + NaOH = H2O + NaCl)

40
Q

bohr diagram

A

a diagram of an atom which includes all protons, neutrons, electron shells, and electrons

41
Q

lewis diagram

A

a diagram that illustrates chemical bonding by showing only an atom’s valence electrons and its chemical symbol

42
Q

All matter is made up of just electrons (T or F)

A

False

43
Q

An element is matter (T or F)

A

True

44
Q

A compound is matter (T or F)

A

True

45
Q

Elements and compounds are made up of atoms (T or F)

A

True

46
Q

Compounds link up to make elements(T or F)

A

False

47
Q

A compound can only have one element (T or F)

A

False

48
Q

There are more elements than compounds (T or F)

A

False

49
Q

What is a Cation?

A

A positively charged ion

50
Q

What is an Anion?

A

A negatively charged ion

51
Q

What makes up a ionic compound?

A

A metal and a non-metal

52
Q

Do covalent compounds or ionic compounds dissolve in water?

A

Covalent compounds do not dissolve in water, ionic compounds do.

53
Q

Do covalent compounds or ionic compounds conduct electricity?

A

Covalent compounds do not conduct electricity, ionic compounds do.

54
Q

How are ionic compounds named?

A

Cation first, then anion. Add a suffix of “ide” to the anion/non-metal.
Ex. Ca3P2= Calcium phosphide.

55
Q

What are some characteristics of a base?

A

Bitter taste, slippery, has a pH greater than 7.

56
Q

What are some characteristics of an acid?

A

Sour taste, has a pH less than 7.

57
Q

What are the relative melting/boiling points of ionic and covalent compounds?

A

Covalent compounds have low melting/boiling points, ionic compounds have high melting/boiling points.

Gr 10 Science (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions