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Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Sulfuric Acid

A

H2S04

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2
Q

Nitric Acid

A

HNO3

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3
Q

Hydrochloric Acid

A

HCl

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4
Q

Calcium Hydroxide is…

A

A source of hydrogen ions H+

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5
Q

Acids are?

A

H+

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6
Q

Bases are?

A

OH-

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7
Q

Red on the pH scale is a?

A

Strong base

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8
Q

Yellow on the pH scale is a?

A

Weak base

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9
Q

Green on the pH scale is a?

A

Neutral substance

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10
Q

Blue on the pH scale is a?

A

Weak base

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11
Q

What colour will red litmus turn if salt is placed on it?

A

Salt is a neutral substance and therefore will not change the colour of the litmus.

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12
Q

What is an ion?

A

An atom (monoatomic or polyatomic) That has lost or gained electrons in order to gain a full stable outer shell.

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13
Q

What is a polyatomic atom?

A

An ion made of two or more atoms

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14
Q

What is a monoatomic ion?

A

A single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons

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15
Q

What is a reactant?

A

A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction

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16
Q

What is a product?

A

A substance produced in a chemical reaction

17
Q

How do you calculate the atomic mass?

A

Number of protons and neutrons

18
Q

How do you calculate the atomic number?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, and the number of electrons located in the shells

19
Q

What is collision theory?

A

For a chemical bonding to occur between two or more atoms, they have to be moving at or above their activation energy level and collide at the correct orientation

20
Q

How does temperature increase the rate of reaction?

A

More kinetic energy so faster particles, therefore more successful collisions per second

21
Q

How does concentration increase the rate of reaction?

A

More particles to collide with in a given volume so more successful collisions per second

22
Q

How does surface area increase the rate of reaction?

A

More particles exposed to reactant particles to collide with so more successful collisions per second

23
Q

How does a catalyst increase the rate of reaction?

A

Provide specific sites for collisions or reduces activation energy, so more successful collisions per second

24
Q

What is particle theory?

A

All matter is made up of tiny particles (e.g atoms, ions, molecules, etc.) which are in a state of constant motion

25
Q

What is dissociation?

A

A strong acid releases all of its H+ ions when added to water. weak acids only releases H+ ions slightly

26
Q

What is neutralization?

A

When an acid and a base are added together in a solution in equal amounts. the equal amounts of OH- ions and H+ ions collide to create water. the acid and base cancel each other out and the solution becomes neutral.

27
Q

What is MASH2?

A

acid + metal oxide ➡ salt + water

28
Q

What is BASH2O

A

acid + metal hydroxide ➡ salt + water

29
Q

What is CASH2OCO2?

A

acid + carbonate ➡ salt + water + carbon dioxide

30
Q

What is HCO3-

A

Hydrogen carbonate ion

Science (2 decks)

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