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Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Properties Of Gases

A

Gases have no definite shape.
No definite volume.
Can be compressed
Can flow

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2
Q

Properties of Liquids

A

No definite shape
Have a definite volume
Cannot be compressed
Can flow

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3
Q

Heat Energy

A

In order for a substance to change, state (from a solid to a liquid, or liquid to a gas) it needs heat energy.

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4
Q

Latent Heat

A

A substance changes state, it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature, but the state of the material changes.

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5
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

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6
Q

Mass

A

Is the amount of matter in an object

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7
Q

3 states of matter

A

Solids
Liquids
And gas

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8
Q

Properties of solids

A

Definite shape
Definite volume
Cannot be compressed
Cannot flow

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9
Q

Melting Point

A

The melting point is when both the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid to a liquid).

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10
Q

Boiling Point

A

The boiling point of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid ( changing from a liquid to a gas).

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11
Q

Condensation

A

Condensation is the changing of a gas to a liquid.

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12
Q

Diffusion

A

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration e.g. spray perfume in one corner of the room and it spreads to the rest of the room.

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13
Q

Fourth State Of Matter

A

Plasma is the fourth state of matter. Like gas but can conduct electricity.

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14
Q

Mixture

A

A mixture consists of two or more substances mingles together but not chemically combined e.g. sand and water.

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15
Q

Four Methods Of Separating Mixtures

A
  1. Filtration
  2. Evaporation
  3. Distillation
    4? Chromatography
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16
Q

Filtration

A

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve up in a liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids.

17
Q

Evaporation

A

Used to separate soluble solids (dissolve in liquids) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt water.

18
Q

Physical Change

A

No change in particles, just the particle arrangement and energy, easy to reverse e.g. mixing water and salt.

19
Q

Chemical change

A

A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed, very difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match.

20
Q

During a chemical reaction

A

The atoms rearrange to form a new substance. Might be seen by colour change ,temperature change, light being emitted or bubbles.

21
Q

Law of conservation of mass

A

Matter can be changed from one form to another. During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass.

22
Q

Distillation

A

Used to separate two liquids with
different boiling points such as
aIcohol (boils
at 78°) and water
(boils at 100 °). Also used to
separate a soluble solid from a
liquid (e.g
seawater) to give a pure
sample of each

23
Q

Chromatography

A

Used to separate a mixture of
dissolved substances in a
solution. E.g. the different
colours in a black marker.

24
Q

Mixture

A

consists of two or more
substances mingled together but not
chemically combined

25
Q

Filtration

A

used to separate an
insoluble and a liquid

26
Q

Evaporation

A

used to separate a soluble solid
from a liquid e.g. salt and water

27
Q

Solvent

A

the liquid that a solid is dissolved
into

28
Q

Solute

A

the solid that is left behind after
evaporation

29
Q

Distillation

A

method of separation used to
separate a soluble solid and its solvent, or two
miscible liquids with different boiling points

30
Q

Miscible

A

Liquids that mix together e.g.
alcohol and
water

31
Q

Liebig condenser

A

piece of equipment used in
distillation in which cool water flows to
condense steam to water

32
Q

Distillate

A

clean water at the end of distillation

33
Q

Chromatography

A

used to separate mixtures
of substances that are in a solution e.g. dyes in
ink

34
Q

Chromatogram

A

chromatography paper with
separated ink

35
Q

Reactant

A

chemicals that react together in a
chemical reaction

36
Q

Products

A

the substances formed after a
chemical reaction

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