Chemistry

Question 1

What is chemistry the study of?

Answer 1

matter and its properties

can be divided into many areas of specialization: physical, general chemistry, biochemistry, and organic/ inorganic chemistry.

Question 2

What are the different states of matter?

Answer 2

solid, liquid, or gas

Question 3

What is scientific notation?

Answer 3

The scientific system of writing numbers;

a method to write very big or very small numbers easily;

composed of three parts: a mathematic sign (+ or −), the significand, and the exponential, sometimes called the logarithm.

Question 4

What is a mathematical sign?

Answer 4

A symbol used in mathematics.

A mathematic sign makes up one of the three parts of scientific notation and designates whether the number is positive or negative (+ or −).

Question 5

Define significand?

Answer 5

The base value of the number or the value of the number when all the values of ten are removed. Used in scientific notation.

Question 6

What is the exponential?

Answer 6

A multiplier of the significand in powers of ten.
A positive exponential multiplies the significand by factors of ten.
A negative exponential multiplies the significand by factors of one tenth (0.1).

Question 7

–9.0462 ×10^5

Answer 7

–9.0462 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 or –904,620

Question 8

4.7 ×10–3

Answer 8

0.0047 or 4.7 × 0.1 × 0.1 × 0.1

Question 9

Move the decimal in the significand the number of places equal to the exponent of ___. When the exponent is ____, the decimal is moved to the right, and when the exponent is _____, the decimal is moved to the left.

Answer 9

10
positive
negative

Question 10

When writing a number between –1 and +1, always place a ____ (_) to the _____ of the decimal.

Answer 10

zero
0
left

i.e. Write 0.62 and –0.39 (do not write .62 or –.39) to avoid mistakes when reading the number and locating the decimal.

Question 11

What does the metric system measure?

Answer 11

weight, length, and volume

Question 12

What are the basic unit of measurements in the metric system?

Answer 12

grams, liters, and meters

Question 13

A gram (g) is the basic measure of what?

Answer 13

weight

Question 14

A liter (L) is the basic measure of what?

Answer 14

volume

Question 15

A meter (m) is the basic measure of what?

Answer 15

distance

Question 16

In the metric system, what is a prefix?

Answer 16

Each metric measurement is composed of a metric prefix and a basic unit of measure (e.g., “kilogram,” where “kilo” is the prefix and “gram” is the basic unit of measure).

The prefixes are the same and have the same meaning or value, regardless of which basic unit of measurement (grams, liters, or meters) is used. Prefixes are the quantifiers of the measurement units. All of the prefixes are based on multiples of ten. Any one of the prefixes can be combined with one of the basic units of measurement.

Question 17

Define “basic unit of measure” in the metric system.

Answer 17

Standard unit of a system by which a quantity is accounted for and expressed (grams, liters, or meters).

Question 18

A meter is a little more than __ inches longer than a ____.

Answer 18

3

yard

Question 19

A dime is a little less than __ cm in diameter.

Answer 19

2

Question 20

A kilogram is about __ lb.

Answer 20

2.2

Question 21

A liter is a little more than a ____ .

Answer 21

quart

Question 22

What is fahrenheit?

Answer 22

A temperature-measuring system used only in the United States, its territories, Belize, and Jamaica;

abbreviated F.

It is rarely used for any scientific measurements except for body temperature.

It has these characteristics: zero degrees (0°) is the freezing point of sea water or heavy brine at sea level;

32° F is the freezing point of pure water at sea level;

212° F is the boiling point of pure water at sea level; most people have a body temperature of 98.6° F.

Question 23

What is Celsius?

Answer 23

A temperature system used in most of the world and by the scientific community;

abbreviated C

It has these characteristics: zero degrees (0° C) is the freezing point of pure water at sea level

100° C is the boiling point of pure water at sea level.

Most people have a body temperature of 37° C.

Question 24

What is Kelvin?

Answer 24

A unit of measure for temperature that is used only in the scientific community.

Kelvin (K) has these characteristics: zero degrees Kelvin (0K) is −273° C and is thought to be the lowest temperature achievable or absolute zero (0);

the freezing point of water is 273K;

the boiling point of water is 373K;

most people have a body temperature of 310K. But this is never used.

Question 25

Table of temperatures:

Answer 25

Condition Examples of Celsius (C) and Fahrenheit (F) Temperatures

Freezing water 0° C 32° F
Normal body temperature 37° C 98.6° F
Boiling water 100° C 212° F