Chemistry Flashcards
Define Chemical Bond
Attraction between atoms as a result of simultaneous attraction between the nuclei and outer electrons
Define Covalent Bond:
Sharing of electrons between two atoms to form a molecule
Define Non polar covalent bond:
Bond in which there’s an equal distribution of charges
Define polar covalent bond:
Bond in which there’s an unequal distribution of charges
What is an ionic bond?
Bond whereby electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Ionic bonds occur between which two groups/types of elements
Metals and Nonmetals
∆EN for ionic bonds
∆EN>2.1
∆EN for strong polar covalent bonds
∆EN>1
∆EN for weak polar covalent bonds
∆EN<1
∆EN for non polar covalent bonds
∆EN≤0.4
∆EN for polar covalent bonds
∆EN≥0.5
Define Bond energy:
Amount of energy needed to break down a molecule
Define Bond Length:
Average distance between nuclei of two bonded atoms
List 5 types of IMF’s
- Strong Hydrogen bond
- Ion dipole
- Dipole dipole
- Induced dipole
- Induced dipole induced dipole
Which is the strongest IMF
Hydrogen bond
Which is the weakest IMF
London forces
Define boiling point:
Temperature at which vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure
Define melting point:
Temperature at which the solid phase and liquid phase of a substance are at equilibrium
Define vapour pressure:
Pressure exerted by vapour at equilibrium with its liquid in a closed system
IMF’s are directly proportional to….&….?
Boiling point and melting point
IMF’s are indirectly proportional to…..?
Vapour pressure
Define strong hydrogen bond:
Electrostatic attraction between hydrogen bonded to other atoms of higher electronegativity
Define ion dipole
Bond between ions and polar substances (due to opposite charges)
Define dipole dipole:
Bond between two dipoles
