Chemistry 1.1.5 Flashcards
What can Mixtures contain? (2)
Elements, Compounds.
Each Element/Compound of a Mixture maintains its…
Chemical Properties.
The parts of a Mixture can be separated by ___ means, because they are not ___ bonded together.
Physical, Chemically.
All Physical methods of Separation depend on there being a ___ in a certain Physical Property.
Difference.
What is Filtration used for?
Used to Separate an Undissolved Solid from a Mixture of the Solid and and a Liquid/ Solution.
How do you carry out Filtration?
Pour the Mixture into a cone with the Filter Paper, so the Insoluble substance is caught.
What Equipment is used in Filtration? (3)
-Filter Paper.
-Funnel.
-Beaker.
What is Crystallisation used for?
Used to Separate a Dissolved Solid from a Solution, when the Solid is much more Soluble in hot Solvent than in cold.
How do you carry out Crystallisation?
Heat Solution so Solvent evaporates and leaves a Saturated Solution. If the Solution Saturated is clean, Crystals will form when a glass rod is dipped in it. The Saturated Solution is left to cool, and Crystal form.
What is Simple Distillation used for?
To Separate a Liquid and a Soluble Solid from a Solution.
How does Simple Distillation occur?
The Solution is heated. The Solvent Evaporates, leaving only the Solute behind. The Evaporated gas goes through a cooling chamber, and comes out the other side in a beaker as a liquid again, as it condenses.
What is Fractional Distillation used for?
To Separate 2 or more Liquids with different BPs that a mixed together.
How does Fractional Distillation occur?
The Solution is heated up. Once the lowest BP is reached, than liquid Evaporates through a Fractionating Column, then through a Cooling Chamber, where it Condenses, then comes out in the other beaker as a Liquid again.
What is Paper Chromatography used for?
To Separate Substances that have different Solubilities in a given Solvent.
How do you carry out Paper Chromatography?
Draw a pencil line on Chromatography paper, and place the sample in dots. Lower the paper into the Solvent container, but below the pencil line. The Solvent travels up the paper by Capillary Action, and takes some of the coloured substance with it. Because different substances have different solubilities, they will travel different distances.
