Chemistry Flashcards
Subatomic Particles
- Protons
- Neutrons
- Electrons
Why is helium in group 18?
Helium is in group 18 becuase like all the other elements in group 18, helium has a full valence shell.
Neutron’s Charge?
No charge
Rutherford’s Model?
His model of the atom had a nucleus with protons in it and the electrons were just circling it. It had no neutrons. The electrons were like the seeds in a watermelon.
How did Borh change Rutherford’s model?
Bohr modified the Rutherford modelby requiring that the electrons move in orbits of fixed size and energy.
Si
Silicon
Fe
Iron
Al
Aluminum
Ionic compounds
Pure substances consisting of at least one metal and one non metal
Molecular Compound
Consists of at least two non metals, no metals.
Naming ionic compound
Just add -ide. In an ionic compound, metals are always written first.
Naming molecular compound.
- Add a prefix to represent the atoms of each element in the compound. The prefix mono- is only used with the second element.
- Add -ide to the second element.
Atomic number
Number of Protons in the atom of that element.
Covalent bond
A chemical bond in which the valence electrons of one or more atoms are shared. This is how a molecular compound is formed.
Valence electrons
The electrons in the outer most shells of the atom.
Ions
Charged atoms or molecules that form when atoms lose or gain electrons.
Isotope
Isotopes aremembers of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Isotopes have a different atomic mass from the periodic table.
Atoms
Smallest unit of matter.
Cation
Positively charged ion
Anion
Negatively charged ion
Who discovered the electron?
J.J Thomson
Who discovered the proton?
E. Rutherford
Who discovered the neutron?
James Chadwick
Molecule
A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two (or more) atoms chemically bonded together.
