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chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

examples of metals found as pure metals in nature+ name of state

A

silver and gold, free state

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2
Q

how metals can be obtained from ores

A

extraction

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3
Q

how metals can be extracted from their ores

A

heating the metal ore alone
heating the metal ore with carbon(carbon reduction)
electrolysis of the molten ore

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4
Q

the relationship between the difficulty of extracting the metal and the time of discovery

A

the earlier the easier

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5
Q

factors affecting the availability of a metal

A

the abundance of the metal in the earth’s crust
ease and cost of mining the ore
ease and cost of extracting the metal from its core

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6
Q

how to conserve metals

A

reuse, reduce, recycle :/

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7
Q

What is reactivity

A

The readiness of it to react with other substances

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8
Q

What is the metal reactivity series?

A

A series of common metals arranged in decreasing order of reactivity

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9
Q

What is a chemical equation?

A

shows the physical states and relative numbers of particles of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction

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10
Q

What is displacement in a reaction

A

A metal higher in the reactivity series will displace any metal lower in the solution of a compound

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11
Q

Why does displacement happen

A

A more reactive metal loses electrons more readily

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12
Q

What is an ionic equation?

A

Equation that includes kind formed or changed during the reaction

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13
Q

What depends on the method used to extract a metal from ores

A

The position of it in the reactivity series

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14
Q

What is the relationship between the position of the metal in the reactivity series and the difficulty of extracting it from its ore

A

The lower the easier

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15
Q

Bauxite

A

Aluminum

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16
Q

Copper pyrite

A

Copper

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17
Q

Haematite

A

Iron

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18
Q

Galena

A

Lead

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19
Q

Cinnabar

A

Mercury

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20
Q

the factors of the reactivities of metals

A

the lowest temperature at which the reaction starts
the rate of reaction
the amount of heat given out during the reaction

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21
Q

the metal reactivity series

A

k na ca mg al zn fe pb cu hg ag au

22
Q

what happens if metals in the reactivity series are in contact with water or steam

A

k na ca react with water, mg al zn reacts with steam, the rest are unreactive

23
Q

which metals require gentle heating for a reaction to occur

A

k,na

24
Q

which metals require strong heating for a reaction to occur

A

ca,mg,al,zn,fe,pb

25
Q

which metals require v. strong heating for a reaction to occur

A

cu,hg

26
Q

which metals have no observable change in very strong heating

A

ag,pt,au

27
Q

which metals can burn

A

k,na,ca,mg,al,zn,fe

28
Q

which metals do not burn

A

pb,cu,hg

29
Q

which metals have no reaction

A

ag,pt,au

30
Q

potassium heating observations

A

burns vigorously, lilac flame, produces white powder

31
Q

sodium heating observations

A

burns vigorously,golden yellow flame, produces white powder

32
Q

ca heating observations

A

burns vigorously, brick red flame, produces white powder

33
Q

Mg heating observations

A

burns with bright white flame, produces white powder

34
Q

Al heating observations

A

burns to give out much heat, forms white powder

35
Q

zinc heating observations

A

burns to give heat powder is formed, yellow when hot, white when cold

36
Q

Fe heating observations

A

burns with yellow sparks produces black solid

37
Q

pb heating observations

A

melts when heated, powder forms on the surface, orange when hot, yellow when cold

38
Q

Copper heating observations

A

surface becomes black after heating

39
Q

mercury heating observations

A

has a red powder form on the surface

40
Q

ag,pt,au heating observations

A

no observable change

41
Q

k,na,ca metals react with cold water to produce

A

metal hydroxide and hydrogen

42
Q

mg,al,zn,fe react with steam to produce

A

metal oxide and hydrogen

43
Q

metals from pb

A

dont do anything:/ no reaction

44
Q

products of k,na,ca metals with cold water

A

metal hydroxide and hydrogen

45
Q

products of mg,al,zn,fe with steam

A

produce metal oxide and hydrogen

46
Q

metals from pb

A

dont do anything:/

47
Q

metals k,na with acid

A

explosive reaction

48
Q

metal+hydrochloric acid=

A

metal chloride+hydrogen

49
Q

metal+dilute sulphuric acid=

A

metal sulphate+hydrogen

50
Q

ca,mg,al,zn,fe react with dilute acid

A

more slowly down the series

51
Q

pb with dilute acid

A

very slow reaction

52
Q

metals below cu with dilute acid

A

no reaction

chi (7 decks)

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