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Core Chemistry > Chemistry 1 > Flashcards

Chemistry 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How many electrons are allowed in each shell?

A

1st shell: 2, 2nd shell: 8, 3rd shell: 8

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2
Q

What are the elements in group 0 called?

A

The noble gases

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3
Q

Which number tells you the total number of protons and neutrons?

A

The mass number

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4
Q

What does the atomic number tell you?

A

The number of protons

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5
Q

How do you work out the number of neutrons?

A

Mass number - atomic number

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6
Q

What is a protons charge?

A

+1

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7
Q

What are charged atoms called?

A

ions

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8
Q

What is the word equation for making calcium hydroxide?

A

calcium + water = calcium hydroxide

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9
Q

What is calcium hydroxide used for?

A

to neutralize soil

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10
Q

How else can you find the mass number?

A

round the atomic weight to the nearest whole number

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11
Q

Give three reasons why it’s good to recycle metals

A

Reduces greenhouse gas emissions, aluminum and steel can be recycled over and over again, decreases environmental damage caused by mining

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12
Q

What is the name of the method where plants are used to extract metals from soil?

A

Phythomining

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13
Q

List two ways of reducing acid rain

A

produce energy without fossil fuels and use renewable energy

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14
Q

What’s the general formula for an alkane?

A

Cn H2n+2

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15
Q

Give three properties of metal

A

Strong, good conductors of heat, good conductors of electricity

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16
Q

State two problems with metals

A

Some corrode when exposed to air, metal fatuige

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17
Q

Name three pollutants released into the atmosphere when fuels are burnt.

A

Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxides

18
Q

Give an example of two different alloys

A

Bronze, Cupronikel

19
Q

What’s the definition of an ore?

A

a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal l can be extracted profitably.

20
Q

Why is aluminum an expensive metal?

A

because of the amount of electricity used up in the extraction process.

21
Q

What is limestone formed from?

A

shells and skeletons of marine animals

22
Q

Give 2 qualities of transition metals.

A

good conductors of heat, and can be hammered into shape

23
Q

Which 3 metals are too soft for many uses?

A

pure aluminum, gold and copper

24
Q

Give 2 qualities of aluminum and titanium.

A

Low density and resistant to corrosion

25
Q

What do compounds formed fro metals and non metals consist of?

A

ions

26
Q

What do compounds formed from non-metals consist of?

A

Molecules

27
Q

What do elements in the same group have in common?

A

Similar chemical properties

28
Q

How are positive ions formed?

A

Their formed by metals losing electrons

29
Q

What are the molecules in atoms held together by?

A

Covalent bonds

30
Q

What the two main gasses in the earths atmosphere? what are their percentages?

A

80% nitrogen, 20% oxygen

31
Q

What do un-saturated vegetable oils contain?

A

double bonds

32
Q

If an element is in the same group as another what is the same about them?

A

The number of electrons in their outer shells.

33
Q

Metal + Water =

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

34
Q

What are cations?

A

Atoms that lose electrons and have a positive charge

35
Q

How are metals less reactive than carbon extracted?

A

By reduction with carbon

36
Q

What are anions?

A

Atoms that gain electrons and have a negative charge

37
Q

Sand + gravel

A

= Concrete

38
Q

Cement + sand

A

= mortar

39
Q

Limestone heated with clay

A

= cement

40
Q

name 2 properties of the transition metals.

A

good conductors of heat and electricity, can be hammered of bent into shape easily

Core Chemistry (2 decks)

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