Chemistry 1 Flashcards
Define the term ceramics
Ceramics are non metallic solids with a high melting points that aren’t made from carbon based compounds
List good properties of ceramics
Insulators of heat and electricity
List bad properties of ceramics
Very brittle
List 3 steps of making clay ceramics
Dig materials out of the ground
Mould it into the shape you want
Heat at high temperatures
What is different about Borosilicate glass in terms of its ingredients and properties
It has a higher melting point
Made in the same way as soda like glass but uses sand instead of boron trioxide
In a composite what is the reinforcement
Fragments of fibres of materials
In a composite what is the matrix
It is a binder
Describe the commonalities between carbon fibre and fibreglass composites
They both have a polymer matrix and are very strong
Define polymers
Very large molecules formed when small molecules called monomers join together
What type of bonds hold monomer together
Strong covalent bonds
List properties of polymers
Insulators, flexible, easily moulded
Thermosoftening polymers have a … as polymer chains have … forces between chains, when heated they … and their general properties are …
Set of individual tangled chains, weak, can be melted and remoulded, flexibility and ability to be softened
Thermosetting polymers chains … and have … between their polymer chains and when heated they … and their general properties are …
Do not cross and are mostly parallel, cross links, don’t properly melt, strong hard and rigid as well as can’t melt
List the properties of metal materials
Malleable, good conductor of heat and electricity as well as shiny and stiff
Define and give examples of natural resources
Natural resources are often supplemented by agriculture to provide food timber and clothing e.g wood, rocks
Give examples of how synthetic polymers have replaced natural materials
Polyesters are used in clothing due to their ability to stretch easily and dry quickly making them an ideal substitute for clothing
What is the difference between finite and renewable resources
Finite resources are being used faster than they are being replaced whereas renewable resources can be replaced at the same rate they are being used
Define the term of sustainable development
Sustainable development is an approach to development that takes account of present society while not damaging the lives of future generations
List 3 benefits of recycling
It reduces pollution, makes use of disposed materials and it means more space due to less landfills
Draw a flow chart summarising the main step of recycling glass/metal
Sort-> melt -> recast
Review some problems of life cycle assessments
The effects of some pollution are hard to give a numerical value to
