Chemistry 1

Question 1

Define the term ceramics

Answer 1

Ceramics are non metallic solids with a high melting points that aren’t made from carbon based compounds

Question 2

List good properties of ceramics

Answer 2

Insulators of heat and electricity

Question 3

List bad properties of ceramics

Answer 3

Very brittle

Question 4

List 3 steps of making clay ceramics

Answer 4

Dig materials out of the ground
Mould it into the shape you want
Heat at high temperatures

Question 5

What is different about Borosilicate glass in terms of its ingredients and properties

Answer 5

It has a higher melting point
Made in the same way as soda like glass but uses sand instead of boron trioxide

Question 6

In a composite what is the reinforcement

Answer 6

Fragments of fibres of materials

Question 7

In a composite what is the matrix

Answer 7

It is a binder

Question 8

Describe the commonalities between carbon fibre and fibreglass composites

Answer 8

They both have a polymer matrix and are very strong

Question 9

Define polymers

Answer 9

Very large molecules formed when small molecules called monomers join together

Question 10

What type of bonds hold monomer together

Answer 10

Strong covalent bonds

Question 11

List properties of polymers

Answer 11

Insulators, flexible, easily moulded

Question 12

Thermosoftening polymers have a … as polymer chains have … forces between chains, when heated they … and their general properties are …

Answer 12

Set of individual tangled chains, weak, can be melted and remoulded, flexibility and ability to be softened

Question 13

Thermosetting polymers chains … and have … between their polymer chains and when heated they … and their general properties are …

Answer 13

Do not cross and are mostly parallel, cross links, don’t properly melt, strong hard and rigid as well as can’t melt

Question 14

List the properties of metal materials

Answer 14

Malleable, good conductor of heat and electricity as well as shiny and stiff

Question 15

Define and give examples of natural resources

Answer 15

Natural resources are often supplemented by agriculture to provide food timber and clothing e.g wood, rocks

Question 16

Give examples of how synthetic polymers have replaced natural materials

Answer 16

Polyesters are used in clothing due to their ability to stretch easily and dry quickly making them an ideal substitute for clothing

Question 17

What is the difference between finite and renewable resources

Answer 17

Finite resources are being used faster than they are being replaced whereas renewable resources can be replaced at the same rate they are being used

Question 18

Define the term of sustainable development

Answer 18

Sustainable development is an approach to development that takes account of present society while not damaging the lives of future generations

Question 19

List 3 benefits of recycling

Answer 19

It reduces pollution, makes use of disposed materials and it means more space due to less landfills

Question 20

Draw a flow chart summarising the main step of recycling glass/metal

Answer 20

Sort-> melt -> recast

Question 21

Review some problems of life cycle assessments

Answer 21

The effects of some pollution are hard to give a numerical value to