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Yr7 science > Chemistery > Flashcards

Chemistery Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 5 steps to lighten a bunsen burner?

A 
Put the Bunsen burner on a heatproof mat
Join the Bunsen burner to a gas tap
Close the air hole
Light a wooden splint and hold it over the chimney
Turn on the gas tap
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2
Q

What colour is the non-luminous flame(from bunsen burner)

A

Blue

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3
Q

What colour is the luminous flame(from bunsen burner)

A

yellow

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4
Q

Which flame is easier to see(from the Bunsen burner)

A

Luminous flame

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5
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Flammable

A

Any substance that will burn if exposed to an open flame.

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6
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Explosives

A

A substance that may explode if exposed to an open flame

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7
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Toxic/poison

A

This is a chemical that can lead to death if inhaled, ingested or absorbed by the skin.

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8
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Corrosive

A

A substance that can destroy or burn living tissue and can eat away other materials.

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9
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Irritant

A

A substance that causes inflammable upon contact with skin or mucous membrane

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10
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Environmental

A

Substances that are harmful to the environment. They must get rid of properly not down the sink.

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11
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Harmful

A

The substances are similar to toxic substances but are less dangerous.

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12
Q

What does this safety signal mean: Oxidising

A

These substances provide oxygen allowing them to burn more fiercely.

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13
Q

Properties of solid

A

Have a high density because particles are closely packed together
Cannot be compressed because of really little space between particles
Have a fixed shape because particles are held together
Cannot diffuse because particles are not able to move

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14
Q

Properties of liquids

A

Have a fairly high density because the particles are close together
Cannot be compressed there is very little empty space between particles
Take up the shape of the container because particles can move
Can diffuse because particles can change places

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15
Q

Properties of gases

A

Have a low density because particles are spaced far apart
Can be compressed because there is space between particles
Don’t have a fixed shape because the particles move rapidly in all directions
Can diffuse because particles can change places

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16
Q

Protons

A

positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom

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17
Q

Neutrons

A

Neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom

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18
Q

Electron

A

Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus

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19
Q

Charge and mass of a proton

A

Mass= 1, Charge= +1

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20
Q

Charge and mass of an electron

A

Mass= very small, Charge= -1

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21
Q

Charge and mass of a neutron

A

Mass=1, Charge= 0

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22
Q

Full form RF and how to work it out

A

Retention factor. RF= distance from the base line to the spot/ distance from the base line to the solvent front

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23
Q

What is the RF used for?

A

is used to compare the components of various values.

24
Q

Conversation of mass

A

The law of conversation of mass stated thus: In a chemical, reaction, matter neither created or destroyed.

25
Q

Which scientist discovered the conversation of mass

A

Antoine Laurent Lavoisier

26
Q

What are the four separation techniques?

A

Chromatography, Filtration, Distillation, Crystallysastion

27
Q

Atom

A

The smallest part of an element that can exist

28
Q

How many maximum numbers of electrons can be put in a shell: first shell, second shell, the third and fourth shell

A

1st: 2, 2nd: 8, 3rd: 8, 4: 2

29
Q

John Dalton

A

Pre 1900. Solid spheres cannot be divided and before the discovery of the electron, he said they are made up for their different elements.

30
Q

Pre 1900. Solid spheres cannot be divided and before the discovery of the electron, he said they are made up for their different elements.

A

John Dalton

31
Q

When: A ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it. JJ Thompson’s experiment showed an atom must contain a negative charge( discovery of the electron)

A

1897’ Plum pudding model’

32
Q

1897’ Plum pudding model’

A

A ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it. JJ Thompson’s experiment showed an atom must contain a negative charge( discovery of the electron)

33
Q

1909’ Nuclear model’

A

Positively charged nucleus at the centre surrounded by negatively charged electrons. Earnest Rutherfud’s alpha particle scattering experiment showed that the mass was concentrated at the centre of the atom.

34
Q

Positively charged nucleus at the centre surrounded by negatively charged electrons. Earnest Rutherfud’s alpha particle scattering experiment showed that the mass was concentrated at the centre of the atom.

A

1909’ Nuclear model’

35
Q

1913’ Bohr model’

A

Electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances. Niels Bohr proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed shells and this was supported by experimental observations.

36
Q

Electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances. Niels Bohr proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed shells and this was supported by experimental observations.

A

1913’ Bohr model’

37
Q

James Chadwick

A

Provided the evidence to show the existence of a neutron

38
Q

who provided the evidence to show the existence of a neutron

A

James Chadwick

39
Q

What’s Rutherford’s scattering experiment

A

Beams of alpha particles are directed at a very thin gold foil. Most of the alpha particles passed right through. A few alpha particles were deflected by the positive nucleus. A tiny number of particles reflected back from the nucleus.

40
Q

Filtration with example

A

separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. e.g To get sand from a mixture of sand, salt, and water.

41
Q

Crystallisation with example

A

To separate a solid from a solution. e.g to obtain pure crystals of sodium chloride from salt water.

42
Q

separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. e.g To get sand from a mixture of sand, salt, and water.

A

Filtration

43
Q

To separate a solid from a solution. e.g to obtain pure crystals of sodium chloride from salt water.

A

Crystallisation

44
Q

Simple Distillation with e.g

A

To separate a solvent from a solution. e.g to get pure water from salt water.

45
Q

To separate a solvent from a solution. e.g to get pure water from salt water.

A

Simple Distillation

46
Q

Fractional distillation with e.g

A

Separating a mixture of liquids each with different boiling points. e.g to separate the different compounds in crude oil.

47
Q

Separating a mixture of liquids each with different boiling points. e.g to separate the different compounds in crude oil.

A

Fractional distillation

48
Q

Chromatography with e.g

A

Separating substances that move at different rates through a medium. e.g to separate dyes in food colouring.

49
Q

Separating substances that move at different rates through a medium. e.g to separate dyes in food coloring.

A

Chromatography

50
Q

Metals and their properties

A 
to the left of the periodic table
conductors
high melting and melting point
ductile 
malleable
51
Q

Non-metals and their properties

A

to the right of the periodic table
insulators
low melting and boiling point

52
Q

does the melting and boiling point in increase or decrease as you go down the group 7

A

increase

53
Q

does the reactivity increase or decrease as you go down group 7

A

decrease

54
Q

What will happen to the less reactive halogen that has reacted with a element with a more reactive halogen

A

The more reactive halogen will displace the more reactive element e.g. Chlorine +potassium bromide ( arrow to the right) potassium chloride + bromine.

55
Q

What is the same thing that a element in a certain group has?

A

Number of electrons in a outer shell.

Yr7 science (1 decks)

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