Chemicals

Question 1

Define LD50

Answer 1

a dosage that will kill 50% of the test population

Question 2

What does LD50 stand for?

Answer 2

Lethal dose 50

Question 3

How is LD50 measured

Answer 3

mg of toxin/ kg of organism

Question 4

what food should babies under a year not eat?

Answer 4

honey

Question 5

Vitamin which can combat cyanide poisoning

Answer 5

B12

Question 6

Ricin: __ ribosomes deactivating per min

Answer 6

1500

Question 7

Ricin possible benefit

Answer 7

Cancer combatting

Question 8

What are the different ways of entering the body the toxins can take that alter LD50

Answer 8

Absorption, ingestion, inhalation, injection

Question 9

toxic mushroom examples:

Answer 9

death cap, destroying angel

Question 10

mg in a kg

Answer 10

1 million

Question 11

define environmental steward

Answer 11

Conservation, preservation, reduce reuse recycle, respecting wildlife, educating others, limiting pollution/carbon footprint

Question 12

of plant/animal extinction linked to human activity

Answer 12

nearly 1000 species

Question 13

Support services

Answer 13

create and replenish the foundation of the earth’s biological system
(creating 02, replenishing soil)

Question 14

Provisioning services

Answer 14

giving us the raw materials we need to live
E.g. oceans and rivers provide food and water

Question 15

Regulating services

Answer 15

moderating the earth systems we need, which can be dangerous if not regulated
E.g. fungi decomposing things, plants filtering water

Question 16

Cultural services

Answer 16

how ecosystems provide us with beautiful places to live and play in
E.g. Parks, beaches

Question 17

What needs to be intact for ecosystems to function properly?

Answer 17

biodiversity

Question 18

Why is biodiversity good?

Answer 18

It makes species resilient to changes, making there be a better chance of survival if humans mess up and kill off a species or two.

Question 19

cascade effect

Answer 19

how direct changes in one areas can result in in-direct changes in another

Question 20

What is a Greenhouse Gas?

Answer 20

A gas in the atmosphere that raises the surface temperature. ice melting and high temps are caused

Question 21

how are green house gasses released?

Answer 21

Through burning of fossil fuels, waste, wood, etc.

Question 22

role of nutrients in our body

Answer 22

They let our body work properly and do everything from creating cells to strengthening bones

Question 23

What is the difference between Organic and Inorganic nutrients?

Answer 23

Organic - 99% have carbon Inorganic usually don’t have carbon

Question 24

The 3 organic molecules

Answer 24

lipids, carbs, protein

Question 25

protein job

Answer 25

a structural molecule that assists in chemical reactions

Question 26

carb job

Answer 26

energy source

Question 27

lipid job

Answer 27

storage for unused energy

Question 28

Vitamin C What is its role?

Answer 28

necessary for the growth, development and repair of all body tissues. It's involved in many body functions, including formation of collagen, absorption of iron, the proper functioning of the immune system, wound healing, and the maintenance of cartilage

Question 29

what does NPK stand for?

Answer 29

NO PURPLE KOALAs. JK. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

Question 30

what does nitrogen do for plants

Answer 30

Enhances stem/leaf growth Increases chlorophyll production

Question 31

what does phosphorus do for plants

Answer 31

Increases overall health/root development

Question 32

what does potassium do for plants

Answer 32

Increases flowering ability/bloom size Helps plants grow strong/disease resistant

Question 33

artificial fertilizer:

Answer 33

plant nutrients produced through chemical processes and humans to nurture soil and foster plant growth:

Question 34

Inorganic fertilizers

Answer 34

prepared from rock and minerals and are formed by physical and chemical processes

Question 35

Natural fertilizer examples

Answer 35

manure, compost, dead fish

Question 36

List ways that crops can be protected

Answer 36

Pesticides can protect crops from weeds/bugs Introducing neutral enemies (cats on island) Chasing away/scaring/physically removing harmful organisms Machines (cultivators) for weeds Crop rotations (not constantly planting on the same fields) Controlling pesticides

Question 37

Pesticides

Answer 37

a chemical used to control pests E.g. DDT

Question 38

Herbicides

Answer 38

pesticides used for plants specifically

Question 39

Insecticides

Answer 39

pesticides used for insects specifically

Question 40

Fungicides

Answer 40

pesticides used for fungi specifically (PCP)

Question 41

Biomagnification

Answer 41

Amounts of persistent chemicals increase as they move up the food chain

Question 42

Soil residue

Answer 42

Chemicals remain in the soil and can be poisonous

Question 43

Harming non-target organisms

Answer 43

Chemicals harming organisms they weren’t meant to harm

Question 44

Resistant Species

Answer 44

Species can build resistance to pesticides E.g. the house fly is resistant to DDT and MOA

Question 45

What is a trophic level

Answer 45

the position of an organism in the food chain

Question 46

What is the relationship between the trophic level of an organism and the concentration of DDT in its body?

Answer 46

The higher the trophic level, the higher the concentration