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MA Cosmetology 2022 > Chemical Texturing > Flashcards

Chemical Texturing Flashcards

1
Q

Aldehyde

A

Results from the oxidation of primary alcohols;there are several other chemicals in the class of highly reactive chemical compounds (composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen)

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2
Q

Formaldehyde free

A

Products are manufactured ‘without’ the use of formaldehyde but could release a formaldehyde gas upon use

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3
Q

Permanent waving

A

Chemically rearranging straight hair into a curly or wavy form

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4
Q

Protective cream

A

A cream barrier applied around the hairline and ears to protect the skin from permanent wave lotions or haircolor

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5
Q

Neutralizer

A

A chemical solution that stops the waving process of a permanent wave; rebuilds the bonds into their new form

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6
Q

Thio neutralization

A

The process of stopping a permanent wave and reforming the hair into its new curly shape

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7
Q

Preliminary test curl

A

Determines the required processing time and insures that the desired curl has been achieved for a permanent position wave service

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8
Q

Alkaline waves

cold waves

A

Processed without heat, the main ingredient is thioglycolic acid

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9
Q

Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)

A

The main active ingredient in true acid waves

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10
Q

True acid waves

A

Permanent waves processed with the application of of heat that have a pH range between 4.5 to 7; the main active ingredient is typically glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)
These acid waves process slower than alkaline waves

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11
Q

Acid balanced waves

A

Permanent waves processed without heat that have a pH ranging between 7 and 8.2; produce a firmer curl and process more quickly than true acid waves

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12
Q

Endothermic wave

A

Processed by the application of heat; hood dryer, heat processor

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13
Q

Exothermic wave

A

Processed by chemical reaction that releases heat; self heating

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14
Q

Ammonia-free waves

A

Uses an ingredient other than ammonia to reduce the odor associated with ammonia perms

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15
Q

Concave rod

A

A perm rod that has a small diameter in the center and larger diameter increase throughout the length

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16
Q

Straight rod

A

A perm rod with an even diameter throughout the entire rod length

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17
Q

Bender rod

flexible rods

A

Foam-covered rods that are easily bent into different shapes and used for permanent waving

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18
Q

Loop rod

circle rod

A

A long, plastic rod that is used to create spiral curls

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19
Q

Sponge rod

A

Pliable foam rods that allow hair to be chemically altered, creating a soft-end result

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20
Q

Double flat wrap

A

Requires hair to be placed between two end papers, one on each side of the hair strand

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21
Q

Book end wrap

A

Requires only one paper, which is folded in half much like a book

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22
Q

Single flat wrap

A

Requires only one paper used in conjunction with either the double end or book end wraps

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23
Q

Croquinole wrap

A

Wrapping the hair from ends to scalp in overlapping concentric layers

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24
Q

Spiral wrap

A

Consists of wrapping the hair at angle other than parallel to the length to the length of the rod, which creates a coiling effect of the hair

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25
Q

Base direction

A

The position of the perm rod: horizontal,vertical, or diagonal, within a section and or parting

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26
Q

Base sections

A

The subsections located within a larger panel section; the hair is divided into smaller subsections that hold one perm rod each

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27
Q

Base control

base placement

A

The position of the tool in relation to its base section and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped

28
Q

Basic perm wrap
(straight set wrap)
(9-block wrap)

A

Controlled sections of hair in which perm rods are placed in rectangular-shaped subsections

29
Q

Curvature perm wrap

A

Consists of parting that follow the shape of your guests head

30
Q

Bricklay perm wrap

A

Perm rods are placed within a staggered pattern of subsections

31
Q

Weave perm wrap

A

Wrapping consisting of controlled sections of hair that replaces straight parting with ‘zigzag’ partings

32
Q

Piggyback perm wrap

double-rod

A

A wrap technique where hair longer than 10 to 12 inches is wrapped on one rod from the mid-shaft to scalp, and the remaining hair is wrapped around a second rod

33
Q

Soft curl reformation

A

A chemical texture service that restructure overly curly hair into loose curls or waves

34
Q

Porosity

A

The ability of the hair to absorb any liquid

35
Q

Elasticity

A

The capability of the hair strand to stretch and return to its previous form without breaking; elasticity is directly related to the condition of the hair

36
Q

Preliminary strand test

A

Performed as part of your guest consultation to test how the hair will respond to the chemical application

37
Q

Amino acid

A

Protein building blocks of hair that link to together to form tiny protein fibers

38
Q

Peptide bonds

end bonds

A

Connect amino acids (end to end) that form polypeptides

39
Q

Polypeptide chain

A

Spiraling chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds

40
Q

Side bonds

cross bonds

A

Connect polypeptide chains side by side; responsible for strength and elasticity

41
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

Physical side bond easily broken by water or heat; reforms when hair cools and/or dries

42
Q

Salt bonds

A

Weak physical side bonds easily broken by change in pH; reforms when pH balance is restored

43
Q

Disulfide bonds

A

Strong chemical side bonds that can only be broken by chemical solutions

44
Q

Occupational disease

A

Any illness caused by overexposure to certain products or ingredients

45
Q

Physical mixtures

A

Consists of two or more types of matter that are blended together, but not chemically altered; each part in the mixture maintains its own properties

46
Q

Miscible

A

When a substance is able to be mixed with another substance

47
Q

Immiscible

A

When a substance is not able to mix with another substance

48
Q

Potential hydrogen

pH

A

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

49
Q

pH scale

A

A scale ranging from 0 to 14 that measures if a product is acid (0-6.9), an alkaline ( 7.1 to 14), or neutral (7)

50
Q

Chemical relaxing

A

To chemically alter naturally curly or wavy hair into a straighter form

51
Q

Lanthionization

A

The process of removing one sulfer and replacing it with a disulfide bond

52
Q

Normalizing lotions

A

Solutions with an acidic pH that restores the hair’s natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer

53
Q

Neutralizing shampoo

A

Used to help remove any remaining chemicals left in the hair after a chemical relaxer and to restore hair to normal acidic pH

54
Q

Base cream

protective base cream

A

An oily cream applied on the scalp/skin to protect from the chemicals in the relaxer

55
Q

Neutralizing

rebonding

A

Chemically restoring disulfide bonds to harden into a new shape

56
Q

Hydroxide neutralization

acid/alkali neutralization reaction

A

Neutralizes any remaining alkaline residue left by the hydroxide relaxer and helps to restore the pH of the hair and scalp

57
Q

Viscosity

A

Measurement of how thick or thin a liquid is and how that affects the liquids flow

58
Q

Hydroxide relaxer

A

Relaxers with a high alkaline (pH) content; available in varying formulations

59
Q

Sodium hydroxide

lye

A

A strong alkaline ingredient used in chemical relaxers

60
Q

Lithium hydroxide

A

A very strong alkaline ingredient used in chemical relaxers; typically marketed as no-mix, no-lye

61
Q

Guanidine hydroxide

A

Relaxer requiring the mixing of two products; advertised as ‘no-lye’ for sensitive skin

62
Q

Base relaxer

A

Requires a protective base cream to be applied to the hairline and scalp; when a relaxer is labeled ‘base relaxer’, it means the relaxer is too strong to be applied without the application of a base cream

63
Q

No-base relaxer

no-lye relaxer

A

Do not require a base cream to be applied to the skin or scalp

64
Q

Thioglycolate relaxers

thio relaxers

A

Are chemical compounds with the additive ingredient ammonia; considered to be a ‘no-lye’ relaxer, suitable for soft curl reformation

65
Q

Ammonium thioglycolate

ATG

A

A combination of ammonia and thioglycolic acid that creates a reducing agent used in permanent waves and relaxers

66
Q

Ammonium bisulfide relaxer

A

A mild, alternative relaxer containing a low pH compatible with thio relaxers

67
Q

Formaldehyde

A

An organic compound that is a colorless, flammable and pungent gas; present in the air and many food and beauty products

MA Cosmetology 2022 (3 decks)

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