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Chemistry > Chemical Test > Flashcards

Chemical Test Flashcards

1
Q

Test for hydrogen gas

A

Hold a lighted splint to the mouth of test tube. It explodes with a squeaky pop sound.

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2
Q

Test for oxygen gas

A

A glowing splint is put into the test tube. It relights.

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3
Q

Test for carbon dioxide gas

A

Bubble the gas through limewater. The limewater turns milky.

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4
Q

Test for chlorine gas

A

Test the gas with a damp litmus paper. The litmus turns red then white.

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5
Q

Test for ammonia gas

A

Add sodium hydroxide solution. A gas with pungent smell is produced.
Test the gas with a damp red litmus paper. Litmus paper turns blue.

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6
Q

Test for water

A

Add anhydrous copper (II) sulfate. The solution turns blue.

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7
Q

Test for pure water

A

Measure boiling point
It boils exactly at 100 degrees celsius
Measure melting point
It melts exactly at 0 degree celsius
If it is impure, it boils at a higher temperature and melts at a lower temperature.

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8
Q

Test for cations

A

Flame Test
Precipitation

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9
Q

Test for anions

A

Precipitation

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10
Q

Lithium flame colour

A

Red

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11
Q

Sodium flame colour

A

Yellow

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12
Q

Potassium flame colour

A

Lilac

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13
Q

Calcium flame colour

A

Orange-red

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14
Q

Copper flame colour

A

Blue-green

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15
Q

How to test cations using flame test

A
  • a platinum or nichrome wire is dipped into concentrated hydrochloric acid
  • dip the salt with the wire
  • hold the wire and salt just within a non-luminous (roaring) bunsen burner flame
  • observe the flame colour
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16
Q

Why is it important to clean the wire?

A

To prevent any other substances interrupting the flame colour

17
Q

Why is important to use platinum or nichrome wire?

A

Unreactive and have high melting points

18
Q

Why does the bunsen burner flame need to be non-luminous?

A

To observe the flame colour clearly

19
Q

Copper precipitate colour

A

Blue

20
Q

Iron (II) precipitate colour

A

Green

21
Q

Iron (III) precipitate colour

A

Orange-brown

22
Q

Test for carbonates

A
  • add dilute hydrochloric acid
  • a gas is given off as fizzing occurs
  • bubble the gas through limewater
  • limewater turns milky
23
Q

Test for sulfates

A
  • add dilute hydrochloric acid followed up by barium chloride solution
  • white precipitate is formed
24
Q

Why is acid needed in testing sulfates?

A

To remove other anions which might also produce white precipitate

25
Q

Why is sulfuric acid unsuitable for sulfate test?

A
  • it contains sulfate ions
  • barium sulfate will be produced because of the sulfate ions from the sulfuric acid
26
Q

Test for halides

A
  • add dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution
    chloride ions : white precipitate
    bromide ions : cream precipitate
    iodide ions : yellow precipitate

Chemistry (4 decks)

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