Chemical synthesis Flashcards
What are the chemical names for the stages of chemical synthesis?
Dissolving, crystallisation, filtration, evaporation, drying in a desiccator
What is the importance of purity?
In industry pure substances must be separated from impurities as some impurities may be harmful
What is a titration used for?
It is used to measure the exact volumes of reactants to react together
How is an acid-alkali titration carried out?
An acid is put in a titration above an alkali with universal indicator in it, it then drips down and because of the indicator when the reaction happens the solution suddenly changes colour, the end point
What is meant by the term ‘rate of chemical reaction’?
The frequency at which molecules collide within a reaction
What methods are there for observing rate of reaction?
Collecting a gas produced, weighing the reaction mixture, observing the formation or loss of colour in a precipitate
What can be done to reactants to increase the rate of reaction?
The surface area of a reactant can be increased, the concentration of the solution, the temperature of the reaction mixture
How does a catalyst affect the rate of reaction and itself within a reaction?
Catalysts speed up the rate of reaction whilst not being used up or depleted in the reaction
How is rate of reaction affected by different factors?
Increasing surface area means that there is a larger area upon which the reactant can react upon, increasing concentration means there are more molecules in the same space and so collisions are more likely, increasing temperature gives the the molecules more energy and so they move faster.
What stages are there in carrying out a chemical synthesis of an inorganic compound?
Choosing the series of reaction to make the product, carrying out a risk assessment, carrying out the reaction in suitable conditions & apparatus, separating the product from the reaction mixture, purifying the product, measuring the yield and purity
