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Chemistry- Chemical Reactivity > Chemical Reactivity > Flashcards

Chemical Reactivity Flashcards

1
Q

Acidic Solutions Properties

A

Proton Doners
Turns litmus red and phenophalin colorless
Neutralized by Bases
pH <7 (less than 7)

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2
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance which speeds up and increases the rate of reaction without being used up by creating an alternative energy pathway with a lower activation energy for the reaction

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3
Q

KC (very large)

A

Forward reaction would’ve gone to completion

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4
Q

Acts as both an base and an acid

A

Amphiprotic

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5
Q

KC >1

A

At equilibrium products will be favored

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6
Q

Partly ionizes

A

Two arrows

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7
Q

Completely Ionizes

A

1 arrow

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8
Q

Kc <1

A

At equilibrium the reverse reaction will be favored.

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9
Q

Reaction Rate

A

The frequency of successful collisions of that will occur in a given time

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10
Q

POH formula

A

POH=-log (OH-)

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11
Q

Pkw=Ph+POH
Pkw is..

A

14

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12
Q

Solid to liquid- Liquid to gas

A

Endothermic

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13
Q

Gas to Liquid, liquid to solid

A

Exothermic

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14
Q

(OH-) formula

A

10-POH

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15
Q

Units for enthalpy change

A

KJ or KJ mol-1

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16
Q

Le chataliers Principle

A

When a change is made to a system at equilibrium, the system responds to reduce the effects of the change

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17
Q

Activation Energy

A

The minimum amount of energy that is required before the reactants can successfully collide and react with each other. The energy barrier of a reaction.

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18
Q

Conductivity of a solution

A

Depends on the total concentration of ions in a solution

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19
Q

Bond Breaking

A

Endothermic

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20
Q

Bond Making

A

Exothermic

21
Q

Temperature on reaction rate

A

More particles have greater energy the activation energy - more successful collisions - rate of reaction. Particles move faster and more chance of collisions - frequency- rate of reaction

22
Q

Common Acids

A

HCL, HNO, H2SO4, H2CO3, CH3COOH

23
Q

KC=very small

A

then the reaction will not occur

24
Q

Basic Solution

A

turns litmus blue and phenophalin pink/purple
Neutralizes acids
Conducts electricity (ions free to move)
Alkalis - soluble bases form OH-
Ph >7

25
Q

Strong Acids will

A

have low PH (greater conc of H30+) fully dissociate,

26
Q

Strong Bases will

A

Completely Ionize in water (dissociate) High PH- high conc of OH-

27
Q

Finding the Ph of Strong bases using KW

A

(H3O+)= 1x10-14/(OH-)

28
Q

Effect of surface area on reaction rate

A

Increase in SA, frequency of collisions increase and rate of reaction

29
Q

Close and Open system

A

Closed System-Where all matter and chemicals are contained only energy can leave
Open System- Where matter and energy can leave and dissipate

30
Q

Collison Theory

A

Particles must collide with enough enough energy to overcome Ea and in the right orientation

31
Q

Equilibrium reaction must

A

be reversible and occur in a closed system

32
Q

Effect of conc on reaction rate

A

One of reactants is soln or all are gases, increased conc- increased collision chance- frequency of collisions increase and reaction rate
Rate of reaction decreases as the reaction continues as conc of reactions decreases- more particles same volume

33
Q

Catalyst on reaction rate

A

increases Reaction rate by lowering Ea for a reaction- collisions more effective- alternative pathway- speeds up reactions

34
Q

PH of (OH-)

A

POH=-log (OH-)=x
PH=14-x

35
Q

Common Bases

A

naOH, NH4OH,/NH3, KOH, CA(OH)2 MG(OH2)

36
Q

Equilibrium expression

A

Used to calculate the equilibrium constant (KC) Products over reactants

37
Q

Pressure Change only has an effect if

A

gases are present

38
Q

KC expression has no

A

Solids or liquids

39
Q

Reversible Reaction

A

A reaction where reactants go into products and products go into reactants

40
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium

A

The forward and reverse reaction occur at the same rate, the concentrations of products and reactants will remain constant.

41
Q

Factors affecting the rate of reaction

A

concentration, surface area, temperature of reactants and the presence of catalysts.

42
Q

Same Volume and Concentration

A

Same number of reaction ions present so the total amount of product produced for the reaction will be the same so the lines will end at the same point.

43
Q

Enthalpy Change Postive-

A

Forward Reaction is endothermic

44
Q

Enthalpy Change Negative

A

Forward Reaction is exothermic

45
Q

Increased Concentration of products

A

Increased Size of KC

46
Q

Increased concentration of reactants

A

Decreased size of KC

47
Q

PH is directly related to

A

the (H30+) the greater the (H30+) the lower the PH, the greater (OH-) the higher the pH is.

48
Q

Steep Line=

A

fast rate of reaction

Chemistry- Chemical Reactivity (2 decks)

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