Chemical Reactions

Question 1

Reaction

Answer 1

a process that involves changes in the structure and energy content of atoms, molecules, or ions but not their nuclei.

Question 2

Observation

Answer 2

the action or process of closely observing or monitoring something or someone.

Question 3

Solubility

Answer 3

Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent to form a homogeneous solution of the solute in the solvent.

Question 4

Combination

Answer 4

A combination reaction is a reaction where two reactants are combined into one product.

Question 5

Exchange

Answer 5

A method of separating isotopes of the lighter elements by the repetition of a process of chemical change which involves exchange of the isotopes.

Question 6

Thermal Decomposition

Answer 6

Thermal decomposition, or thermolysis, is a chemical decomposition caused by heat. The decomposition temperature of a substance is the temperature at which the substance chemically decomposes. The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition.

Question 7

Displacement

Answer 7

A displacement reaction is a type of reaction where part of one reactant is replaced by another reactant.

Question 8

Reactant

Answer 8

Substances initially present in a chemical reaction that are consumed during the reaction to make products.

Question 9

Product

Answer 9

The compounds that are formed when a reaction goes to completion.

Question 10

Spectator Ions

Answer 10

A spectator ion is an ion that exists as a reactant and a product in a chemical equation. Spectator ions can, for example, be observed in the reaction of aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate and copper(II) sulfate but does not affect the equilibrium.

Question 11

Precipitate

Answer 11

Precipitation is the creation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction or by diffusion in a solid. When the reaction occurs in a liquid solution, the solid formed is called the ‘precipitate’.The chemical that causes the solid to form is called the ‘precipitant’.

Question 12

Element

Answer 12

An element is a substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons - i.e. the same atomic number. Elements are chemically the simplest substances and hence cannot be broken down using chemical methods. Elements can only be changed into other elements using nuclear methods.

Question 13

Ion

Answer 13

an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

Question 14

Atom

Answer 14

An atom is the defining structure of an element, which cannot be broken by any chemical means. A typical atom consists of a nucleus of protons and neutrons with electrons orbiting this nucleus.

Question 15

Proton

Answer 15

A proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom. The particle has a positive electrical charge, equal and opposite to that of the electron. If isolated, a single proton would have a mass of only 1.673 ? 10-27 kilogram, just slightly less than the mass of a neutron.

Question 16

Electron

Answer 16

An electron is a negatively charged component of an atom. Electrons exist outside of and surrounding the atom nucleus. Each electron carries one unit of negative charge and has a very small mass as compared with that of a neutron or proton.

Question 17

Neutron

Answer 17

A particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It is almost identical in mass to a proton, but carries no electric charge.

Question 18

Solution

Answer 18

The salt is the solute and the water the solvent. In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase. In such a mixture, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent.

Question 19

Aqueous

Answer 19

The word aqueous means pertaining to, related to, similar to, or dissolved in water. As water is an excellent solvent and is also naturally abundant, it is a ubiquitous solvent in chemistry

Question 20

Activity Series

Answer 20

The activity series is a useful guide for predicting the products of metal displacement reactions. For example, placing a strip of zinc metal in a copper(II) sulfate solution will produce metallic copper and zinc sulfate, since zinc is above copper on the series.

Question 21

Cation

Answer 21

Definition of Cation. A positive ion; an atom or group of atoms that has lost one or more electrons.

Question 22

Anion

Answer 22

a negatively charged ion, as one attracted to the anode in electrolysis.
2.
any negatively charged atom or group of atoms (opposed to cation ).

Question 23

Ionic Compound

Answer 23

a chemical compound of cations and anions which are held together by ionic bonds in a lattice structure

Question 24

Molecule

Answer 24

a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction

Question 25

Compond

Answer 25

Definition of Compound. A compound is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. Two types of chemical bonds common in compounds are covalent bonds and ionic bonds. The elements in any compound are always present in fixed ratios.

Question 26

State

Answer 26

one of the ways in which matter can interact with itself to form a homogeneous phase.Examples: solid, liquids, gases, plasma.

Question 27

Metal

Answer 27

any of a class of elementary substances, as gold, silver, or copper, all of which are crystalline when solid and many of which are characterized by opacity, ductility, conductivity, and a unique luster when freshly fractured.

Question 28

Solvent

Answer 28

A solvent (from the Latin solvō, "I loosen, untie, I solve") is a substance that dissolves a solute (a chemically different liquid, solid or gas), resulting in a solution. A solvent is usually a liquid but can also be a solid or a gas.

Question 29

Solute

Answer 29

the minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent.

Question 30

Poly-atomic ion

Answer 30

A polyatomic ion, also known as a molecular ion, is a charged chemical species (ion) composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded or of a metal complex that can be considered to be acting as a single unit.