Chemical Reactions Flashcards
What’s anabolic
Bonds are formed which results in absorption of energy
Catabolic meaning
Bonds are broken which results in release of energy
What’s rearrangements
Bonds are rearranged between molecules (there is no net change in energy bands as both are broken and formed)
What is negative feedback loop steps
There is a stimulus (change in variable) which the sensor (receptors) detect the actual value of variable which sends signal to the control centre (hypothalamus) which compares the actual value to its set point range of variables. It then sends signals to the effectors which initiates activities that will change variable bringing it back to set point range
How does a positive feedback loop work in terms of labour
The cervix begins to stretch and the stretchreceptors detect the change in variable and send nerve impulses to the control centre (hypothalamus) which compares the amount of stretch to the set point range. It then stimulates the release of oxytocin (hormone) the effectors of this is the smooth muscle of the uterus. The oxytocin stimulates contractions that push the baby further into the cervix making it stretch more. This loop repeats until the baby is born
What are signals called travelling to control centre
Afferent
What are signals called travelling away from control centre
Efferent
chemicals in body
water, electrolytes, acids and bases, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, ATP, nucleic acids
variables in feedback loop
temperature, blood pressure, blood sugar, heart rate, O2 levels, H2O levels
whats a stimulus
change in variable value
whats a variable
parameters that are monitored and controlled by the feedback systems
whats a set point range
the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates.
whats water do in body
most important solvent and abundant chemical in body, body solvent which regulates heat, provides cushioning and is highly reactive with other chemicals
whats electrolytes do in body
ions that dissolve in water, forming solutes that conduct electrical currents
whats acids and bases do in body
specific electrolytes that release hydrogen or hydroxide ions in water.
whats carbohydrates do in body
composed of saccharides (sugars) which provide an important source of energy for body cells
whats lipids do in body
water insoluble celluar energy source composed of fatty acids
whats proteins do in body
composed of chains of amino acids creating important structual components of the body and forming enzymes
whats ATP do in body
energy in bonds of this chemical is immediately avaliavle to cells to drive cellular activity.
whats nucleic acids do in body
chains of nucleotifes makeing up genetic makeup of the body
major human body elements
hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
minor human body elements
calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chloride, magnesium, iodine, iron, chromium, cobalt, copper, flurione, manganese, silicone, tin, zinc, selenium, vanadium, and molybdenum
