chemical reactions Flashcards
Products
chemical subtances that result from a chemical reaction
reactants
the original substances present in a chemical reaction
Shells
The electrons in an atom occupy
specific energy levels called shells.
Ion
Atoms become ions because they become more stable when the last
electron shell is full according to the octet rule.
Cations
Cations are positively charged ions.
They form when an electron is lost from the last (valance)shell of the atom.
Anions
Anions are negatively charged ions.
They form when an electron is gained from another element to fill the last
(valance) shell of the atom.
ionic compounds
When anions and cations come together they make compounds of large crystal lattices called salts.
These compounds are also called ionic compounds.
Law of conservation of mass
In a chemical reaction the total mass of the reactants is the same as the total mass of the products
Law of constant proportions
In chemical compounds, the ratio of the element is always the same
exothermic
chemical reactions that give out heat energy to the surrounding
endothermic
chemical reactions that asborb heat energy from surroundings
Strong acid
Releases all of its hydrogen atoms into solution. It completely dissoicates in ageuous solution
Weak acid
releases a small proportion of its available hydorgen into solution. It partially dissociates in aqeuous solution
Acids
Chemicals that react with a base to produce a salt and water, edible acid taste sour.
Corrosive
a chemical that wears away the surface of substances epseically metal
