Chemical Reaction Unit 2

Question 1

What is the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element called?

Answer 1

The Atom

Question 2

Where are protons+ and Neutrons- located?

Answer 2

Inside the nucleus (center)

Question 3

Where are Electrons- located?

Answer 3

Arranged outside the nucleus in levels

Question 4

What are atoms made up of?

Answer 4

Substomic particles called protons+, neutrons and electrons-

Question 5

What is a pure substance that can not be broken down into simpler components?

Answer 5

An Element

Question 6

What table includes Element names and symbols, as well as atomic mass and numbers

Answer 6

The Periodic Table

Question 7

What is the name for the number assigned to each element which represents the number of protons in each element?

Answer 7

Atomic Number

Question 8

What subatomic particle is equal to the atomic number?

Answer 8

Protons+

Question 9

What subatomic particle is equal to the number of protons because the charges balance?

Answer 9

Electrons-

Question 10

What subatomic particle is equal to the atomic mass subtract the atomic number?

Answer 10

Neutrons

Question 11

What is a period in a periodic table?

Answer 11

The horizontal rows of the table

Question 12

What is a group AKA family in a periodic table?

Answer 12

Vertical columns of the periodic table. ⭐️Elements in the same group share similar properties

Question 13

Where are metals located on the periodic table?

Answer 13

The left of the periodic table.

Question 14

Where are non-metals located on the periodic table?

Answer 14

On the right side of the periodic table

Question 15

What does the «staircase» do?

Answer 15

Seperates metals and non-metals

Question 16

What is a compound?

Answer 16

A pure substance made of two or more different elements joined together

Question 17

What are the links between atoms called?

Answer 17

Chemical bonds

Question 18

What are the two types of compounds and their descriptors?

Answer 18

Covalent/Molecular; share electrons, made up of non-metals EX H2O, CO2, CH4

Ionic: Exchange of electrons, 1 element loses electrons and the other gains, made up of a metal and nonmetal
EX NaCl, Fe2O3

Question 19

Name all 10 prefixes for naming molecular/covalent compounds

Answer 19

1 - mono 6 - hexa
2 - di. 7 - hepta
3 - tri. 8 - octa
4 - tetra 9 - nona
5 - penta 10 - deca

Question 20

Common names of chemical formulas:

Answer 20

O3 - Ozone (g)
CH4 - Methane (g)
NH3 - Ammonia (g)
H2O - Water (L)
H2O2 - Hydrogen Peroxide (L)
C6H12O6 - Glucose (s)
C12H22O11 - Sucrose (s)

Question 21

What do molecular compounds contain?

Answer 21

Non-metals only

Question 22

What does a Binary Molecular Compound contain?

Answer 22

Two different non-metal elements

Question 23

How do you write the formula Binary Ionic Compounds?

Answer 23

Step 1: from the given name, write the symbol for the metal cation and it’s (+) charge. Then write the symbol of the non-metal anion and it’s (-) charge.
Step 2: ask are the charges ‘equal and opposite?’
If yes; then write the final answer by putting the two symbols together, metal first, non-metal second. Ex; Ca2+ and O2- = CaO.
If no; then ‘criss cross’ the charges to become subscribt numbers. Make sure the final ionic formula is in lowest terms! Ex; K1+ and S2- = K2S. Also X2Y4 = XY2 (reduce)

Question 24

How do you name Molecular/Covalent compounds?

Notes:
Do not use mono in the first element.
Do not use oo or ao. Two i’s are accepted.
Hydrogen compounds do not use mono for the second element.

Answer 24

Step 1: verify the formula has non-metals only . Look to see if a traditional name or a molecular element is given.
Step 2: the first element in the formula uses its full name from the periodic table. There are no changes to the ending. The second element in the formula switches its ending to **‘ide’. **
Step 3: use the prefixes to indicate the number of each atom in the formula!

Question 25

How do you write the formulas of molecular compounds?

Answer 25

Step 1: write the symbol of first element in the name.
Step 2: write the symbol of second element in the name (ignore ‘ide’ ending)
Step 3: indicate the number of each atom in the molecule which corresponds to the prefix as a subscript.
Ex; carbon dioxide = CO2

Question 26

What are Ternary Ionic Compounds?

Answer 26

Ionic Compounds containing 3 elements, so there is a cation (+) and an anion (-) present in the compound.
One or both of these ions is a polyatomic ion. A polyatomic ion is a group of atoms which, overall, has a certain charge.

Question 27

Which 2 naming processes are very similar to each other?

Answer 27

Binary Ionic Compounds and Ternary Ionic Compounds.

Question 28

What is the big difference between Binary Ionic Compounds and Ternary Ionic Compounds?

Answer 28

(BRACKETS). If more than one of the polyatomic ion is needed in the formula, BRACKETS are used around the polyatomic ions formula.
EX: Calcium Hydroxide =
Ca2+ OH- = Ca(OH)2.
Charges are not written in the final answer, only subscripts.

Question 29

True or false: Charges are written in final chemical formulas

Answer 29

FALSE!!

Question 30

How do you write the formula of a Ternary Ionic Compound (with a polyatomic ion)?

Answer 30

Step 1: From the given name, write the formula for the cation with its (+) charge. (unless the ion is NH4+, then the ion will be a metal ion)
Step 2: ask: “are the charges equal and opposite?”

if YES: Write the final answer by putting the two symbols together, + cation first and - anion last. Do NOT include charges in your final formula.

if NO: “Criss cross” the charges to become subscript numbers. If more than one polyatomic ion is needed, place brackets around the polyatomic ion before placing the number outside of the brackets.

Lastly, ensure the formula is in lowest terms.

Question 31

What is a polyatomic ion?

Answer 31

An ion composed of more than one atom.