Chemical Organization

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Smallest unit of all structural and functional living things

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Control center and necessary for cell division, or replication

Question 3

Nucleolus

Answer 3

Assembly of ribosomes

Question 4

Chromatin

Answer 4

Thread-like form nondividing cell

Question 5

Chromatin

Question 6

Chromosomes

Answer 6

Outcome of cell division, rodlike bodies

Question 7

Plasma (cell) membrane

Answer 7

Separates cell membrane interior and exterior allows cell adhesion, transport, and communication

Question 8

Microvilli

Answer 8

small, finger-shaped projections of the plasma membrane on the exposed surfaces of many cells

Question 9

Cilia

Answer 9

move fluids or secretions across the cell surface.

Question 10

Flagella

Answer 10

move a cell through a surrounding fluid, rather than moving the fluid past a stationary cell.

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

material between the plasma membrane and the membrane that surrounds the nucleus contains cytosol and organelles.

Question 12

Cytosol

Answer 12

intracellular fluid, contains dissolved nutrients, ions, soluble and insoluble proteins, and waste products.

Question 13

Ribosomes

Answer 13

are organelles that manufacture proteins, using information from the DNA of the nucleus.

Question 14

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 14

Modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins (outer has ribosomes)

Question 15

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulumn

Answer 15

Synthesizes lipids and carbs

Question 16

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 16

modifies and packages plasma membrane, secretions, such as hormones or enzymes, for release from the cell
packages special enzymes within vesicles (lysosomes) for use in the cytoplasm.

Question 17

Lysosomes

Answer 17

perform cleanup and recycling functions within the cell

Question 18

Peroxisomes

Answer 18

produced at the Golgi apparatus, absorb and break down fatty acids and other organic compounds

Question 19

Mitochondria

Answer 19

small organelles that provide energy for the cell

Question 20

Centrioles

Answer 20

centrioles produce the spindle fibers that move DNA strands during cell division

Question 21

Microtubules

Answer 21

primary components of the cytoskeleton, giving the cell strength and rigidity, and anchoring the positions of major organelle

Question 22

Intermediate Filaments

Answer 22

stabilize its position with respect to surrounding cells through specialized attachments to the plasma membrane

Question 23

Microfilaments

Question 23

Microfilaments

Answer 23

thinnest strands of the cytoskeleton are microfilaments, which are usually composed of the protein actin.