Chemical Organisation Flashcards
Matter =
Anything that has mass and occupies space
Elements=
Essential substances that have one type of atom and compose matter e.g. Fe, C, H
Inert atoms =
Chemically inactive atoms
Ions =
Atoms that gain or lose electrons
+ve charged ion =
Cation
-ve Charged ion =
Anion
Ionic Bonds are …
Between a metal and a non-metal
+ve and -ve ions attract
Covalent bonds are …
Between 2 non-metals and share electrons
Molecules are …
Any chemical structure consisting of atoms that are bonded by covalent bonds
Compound =
Substance made up of 2 types of atoms e.g. CO2
Synthesis reactions …
Where 2 or more atoms bond to form a more complex structure requiring energy to form new chemical bonds
e.g. For growth and repair
Decomposition reactions …
Where bonds within a reactive molecule are broken releasing energy and forming simpler atoms/molecules
e.g. Absorption of nutrients
Exchange reactions …
Where both synthesis and decomposition occur to make a new product
e.g. Acid + Base = Water + Salt
HCl + NaOH –> NaCl + H2O
Reversible reactions …
Where the products of the reaction turn back into reactants. Depends on the proportion of reactants/products and how much energy is required.
e.g. Oxyhaemoglobin (Oxygen dissociation)
What do organic chemicals consist of?
Long-chain hydrocarbons linked by covalent bonds
