Chemical Nomenclature

Question 1

____ are composed of metal+nonmetal

Answer 1

-Ionic compounds

Question 2

Polyatomic ions use the ending “_____”

Answer 2

-“-ium”

Question 3

When do we use Roman numerals?

Answer 3

-We use Roman numerals when the ion has the possibility of having multiple charges

Question 4

The name of _____ _____ are formed by replacing the ending with “-ide”

Answer 4

-Monatomic Anions

Question 5

Polyatomic anions containing _____ have names ending with _____ or _____ and are called _____.

Answer 5

-Oxygen
-“-ate” or “-ite”
-Oxyanions

Question 6

The “-ate” is used for the _____ _____ representative oxyanion of an element

Answer 6

-Most common

Question 7

The “-ite” is used for the oxyanions that have the _____ _____ but one _ _____ _____

Answer 7

-Same Charge
- O atom fewer

Question 8

When would you use the prefix “per”

Answer 8

-This prefix would need to be used when there are one or more O atoms than the base oxyanion that ends with “-ate”
-An example would be a perchlorate ion (ClO4^-) because it has 1 more O atom than the base

Question 9

When would you use the prefix “hypo”

Answer 9

-The prefix “hypo” would need to be used when there are one or fewer O atoms than the base oxyanion ending with “-ite”
-An example would be a hypochlorite ion (ClO^-) because it only has 1 O where as the base has 3
-This prefix can also be used when two elements are combined and end in “-ite”
-An example of this is a sulfite ion (SO3^2-)

Question 10

When there are two oxyanions involving the same ion what ending would you use?

Answer 10

“-ate” and “-ite”

Question 11

When should the prefix “hydro” be used when naming an acid?

Answer 11

-This prefix should only be used when the chemical formula does not contain an O
-“hydro”=no O

Question 12

Acids containing anions that end with “-ide” are renamed by changing the ending to _____.

Answer 12

-“-ic” and then adding the word acid afterwards
-We must add the prefix “hydro”
-Example: Cl(chloride) is changed to HCl (hydrochloric acid)

Question 13

Acids containing an anion that ends with “-ite” are renamed by changing the ending to _____

Answer 13

-“ous acid”
-Example: ClO2(chlorite) is changed to HClO2 (chlorous acid)

Question 14

In acids,
“-ate” changes to “-_____”
“-ite” changes to “-_____”
“-ide” changes to “_____”

Answer 14

-“-ic acid”
-“-ous acid”
-“hydro_____ic acid”

Question 15

Ionic compounds are composed of _____

Answer 15

1 metal and 1 nonmetal

Question 16

Molecular compounds are composed of _____

Answer 16

2 nonmetals

Question 17

What are the 4 rules we must remember when naming a molecular compound?

Answer 17

-The element that is closest to the left side of the PT is written first
-A prefix is used to demonstrate how many atoms there are of each element
-The ending on the second element should be “-ide”
-If the cation ends with a/o and the anion begins with a vowel, we do not have to include both vowels in the name

Question 18

List the the prefixes for molecular compounds in chronological order

Answer 18

Mono-, Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Penta-, Hexa-, Hepta-, Octa-, Nona-, Deca-

Question 19

What are molecular compounds made up of?

Answer 19

Molecular compounds are made up of a nonmetal+nonmetal

Question 20

What are the two things to remember when writing the formula for ionic compounds?

Answer 20

Since ionic compounds are electrically neutral,
-the charge of the cation becomes the subscript of the anion
-the charge of the anion becomes the subscript of the cation

Question 21

Ammonium

Answer 21

NH4^+

Question 22

CO2^2-

Answer 22

Carbonate

Question 23

OH^-

Answer 23

Hydroxide

Question 24

Nitrate

Answer 24

NO3^-

Question 25

Phosphate

Answer 25

PO4^3-

Question 26

SO4^2-

Answer 26

Sulfate