Chemical Injuries

Question 1

Mode of injury

Answer 1

Domestic - ammonia , detergent , cosmetics
Agricultural - insecticides, fertilizers , animal toxins
Self inflicted -
Attack -acid
Chemical warfare injuries

Question 2

Type

Answer 2

Alkali burn - lime , caustic soda , liquid ammonia
Acid burn - HCL , h2so4

Question 3

Clinical features

Answer 3

Stage of ischaemic necrosis
Stage of reparation
Stage of complication

Question 4

Stage of ischaemic necrosis

Answer 4

Conjuctival discharge , necrosis , edema
Corneal edema

Question 5

Stage of reparation

Answer 5

Corneal and conjunctival epithelium regenerate
Corneal vascularisation
Iris inflammation subsides

Question 6

Stage of complication

Answer 6

Symblepharon
Ulcer
Cataract
Glaucoma

Question 7

Management

Answer 7

Irrigation of fornices till ph strip becomes neutral
Any particle left - remove under LA
Removal of necrotic tissue with cotton swab stick
Pt positioned supine , eye kept open with lid speculum
Antibiotic ointment and cyclopegic instilled
Corticosteroid
Acetazolamide
Ascorbic acid

Question 8

Tt oc complication

Answer 8

Symblepharon - symblepharectomy
Corneal opacity - keratoplasty
Glaucoma - timolol , acetazolamide