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HDS Test 2 > Chemical Hazards > Flashcards

Chemical Hazards Flashcards

1
Q

The rate at which the body can counteract the effects of a poisonous substance is

A

Rate of detoxification

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2
Q

The rate which the body reacts to or is affected by the agent is

A

Rate of action

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3
Q

How long a chemical agent will remain in the area is

A

Persistency

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4
Q

The __________ Plays a large role in the persistency of a chemical agent.

A

Weather

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5
Q

A chemical agent remains volatile and near the ground during an ________

A

Inversion

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6
Q

Chemical exposure symptoms will be displayed earliest through _________

A

Inhalation

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7
Q

What does vapor density determine for chemical agents?

A

Whether the agent is lighter or heavier than air.

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8
Q

When would be the optimal time for a terrorist to release a chemical agent?

A

Early morning.

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9
Q

G agent vapors are emitted (off gassing) from clothing for approximately ______ after initial contact

A

30 minutes

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10
Q

G agents smell _________

A

Fruity

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11
Q

V X liquid smells

A

Sulfur

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12
Q

Symptoms of nerve agent severe vapor exposure are

A

Cessation of breathing (apnea), or death

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13
Q

Symptoms of nerve agent severe liquid exposure are

A

Apnea or death

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14
Q

What symptoms are associated with nerve agent poisoning?

A

Running nose, salivation, tightness in chest, dimness of vision, pinpointing pupils, difficulty breathing, nausea, vomiting, coma, convulsions, and death

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15
Q

What hazard should you consider when dealing with personnel exposed to a nerve agent?

A

Off gassing of vapors.

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16
Q

How persistent are blister agents?

A

All blister agents are persistent long term hazards.

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17
Q

What does mustard gas H, HD smell like?

A

Garlic, mustard seed or horseradish.

18
Q

What is the rate of detoxification of lewisite (arsenical)?

A

None. The body does not detoxify lewisite.

19
Q

What does lewisite smell like?

A

Geraniums.

20
Q

What does phosgene oxime CX smell like?

A

Disagreeable, penetrating.

21
Q

What are symptoms for eye contact with phosgene oxime vapors?

A

Marked swelling of lids, possible cornea damage, severe pain.

22
Q

What are symptoms for respiratory contact with phosgene oxime vapors?

A

Runny nose, sneezing, nosebleed, hoarseness severe cough, and shortness of breath.

23
Q

What symptoms are associated with blister agents (HD)?

A

Redness of the skin, blistering, inflammation of the eyes, nose, throat, trachea, bronchi, and lung tissue.

24
Q

Describe the persistency of HD Mustard gas?

A

Persistent

25
Q

What is the smell associated with HD?

A

Garlic or horseradish

26
Q

What is the odor of blood agents Hydergine cyanide cyanogen chloride

A

Bitter almonds, or peach kernels

27
Q

What is the vapor density of blood agents?

A

Lighter than air

28
Q

What are the symptoms of blood agent exposure?

A

15 seconds – anxious and hyperventilate
30 seconds – seizures
Three – five minutes - breathing ceases
Six – 10 minutes – death

29
Q

Which chemical agents does the body detoxify quickly with oxygen?

A

Blood agents AC, CK

30
Q

What chemical agent is lighter than air?

A

Hydrogen cyanide AC

31
Q

What is the primary without of entry for blood agents?

A

Respiratory tract

32
Q

What produces phosgene?

A

A combination of chlorine and ammonia

33
Q

What does phosgene CG smell like?

A

Newly mown hay.

34
Q

What does chlorine CL smell like?

A

Bleach.

35
Q

What symptoms are associated with choking agents?

A

Persistent coughing, choking, gagging, tightness in chest, shortness of breath.

36
Q

Incapacitating agents cause _________ _________.

A

Temporary disability

37
Q

What are incapacitating agents used for?

A

To cause physiological or mental effects that lead to temporary disability.

38
Q

What are the symptoms of incapacitating agent BZ?

A

Fast heartbeat, dizziness, stupor, random activity.

39
Q

What are the first aide measures for incapacitating agent BZ?

A

Medical management of the symptoms that appear.

40
Q

Most military chemical munitions contain an ____ ____ _____ which can be easily modified for a firing system.

A

Integral explosive burster or expulsion charge

41
Q

What mode of chemical shipment is at particular risk of terrorist attack or Saft?

A

Tankcars shipped by rail or over the road.

42
Q

How do most military chemical munitions disseminate an agent?

A

An integral explosives burster

HDS Test 2 (8 decks)

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