Chemical Fundamentals Flashcards
What is the difference between an organic compound and an inorganic compound?
An organic compound contains carbon atoms and inorganic compounds usually do not. Organic compounds are produced by living things but inorganic compounds are of non living things.
What is decarboxylation?
The removal of carbon dioxide for example from pyruvic acid (pyruvate).
What is phosphorylation?
The bonding of a phosphor atom to a molecule, for example, inorganic phosphate is bonded to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) by condensation reaction to form ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
Distinguish between oxidation and reduction.
Oxidation is the addition of molecular oxygen to a molecule or atom and sometimes removing hydrogen bonds.
Reduction is the opposite of oxidation; it is the removal of an oxygen atom and the addition of hydrogen atoms to a compound. The molecule is said to be reduced when this happens.
How does hyperventilation before a race help sprinters?
Hyperventilating before a race increases the pH level of the blood by lowering the amount of carbon dioxide, an acidic inorganic compound, which will help with controlling the build up of lactic acid during or after the race.
What are the three points of cell theory?
- cells are made from preexisting cells
- cells are made up of one or more cells
- cell is the basic unit of structure of organisms
