Chemical Foundations

Question 1

Speed

Answer 1

Enzymes

Reaction rates and velocities

Question 2

Strength

Answer 2

Binding affinity and avidity

Equilibrium dissociation constant (Kb) is a thermodynamic parameter describing the strength of interactions in biochem

Question 3

Geometry

Answer 3

Configuration of groups across two sides of a C=C bond

Cis and trans

Question 4

Stereospecificity

Answer 4

Handedness
Amino acids L= life
Sugars D= daily

Question 5

Energy

Answer 5

Delta G- 30.5Kj/mol
Endergonic- delta G > 0, therefore delta G is positive, unfavourable as work to be done

Exergonic- delta G

Question 6

Production of ATP

Answer 6

Glucose
Oxidation of glucose
Production of reducing equivalents (NADH and FADH2)
Creates proton gradient across inner mitochondrial membrane
Proton gradient drives ATP synthase (spins like a turbine and converts ADP and Pi into ATP)

Some ATP made by glycolysis in cytosol

Question 7

Colour

Answer 7

Different colours reflect the wavelengths they absorb