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GCE O'Levels Chemistry > Chemical Formulae & Equations > Flashcards

Chemical Formulae & Equations Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 main types of chemical bonds?

A

Ionic and covalent bonds

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2
Q

What types of elements are involved in ionic bonding?

A

In ionic bonding, a metal and non-metal are involved.

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3
Q

How does ionic bonding work?

A

Ionic bonding works by the transfer of electrons from the metal to the non-metal element, in order for both to achieve the duplet/octet electronic configuration.

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4
Q

What types of elements are involved in covalent bonding?

A

Covalent bonding occurs between non-metals.

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5
Q

How does covalent bonding work?

A

Covalent bonding works by sharing electrons between non-metal elements, in order for both to achieve the duplet/octet electronic configuration.

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6
Q

What is the chemical formula of a sodium ion?

A

Na^+

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7
Q

What is the chemical formula of a magnesium ion?

A

Mg^2+

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8
Q

What is the chemical formula of an iron (II) ion?

A

Fe^2+

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9
Q

What is the chemical formula of an iron (III) ion?

A

Fe^3+

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10
Q

What is the chemical formula of a copper (II) ion?

A

Cu^2+

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11
Q

What is the chemical formula of a zinc ion?

A

Zn^2+

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12
Q

What is the chemical formula of a silver ion?

A

Ag^+

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13
Q

What is the chemical formula of an aluminium ion?

A

Al^3+

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14
Q

What is the chemical formula of a nitrogen ion?

A

N^3-

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15
Q

What is the chemical formula of a sulfur ion?

A

S^2-

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16
Q

What is the chemical formula of an oxygen ion?

A

O^2-

17
Q

What is the chemical formula of a chloride ion?

A

Cl^-

18
Q

What is the chemical formula of a bromide ion?

A

Br^-

19
Q

What is the chemical formula of an iodide ion?

A

I^-

20
Q

What is the chemical formula of a sulfate ion?

A

SO4^2-

21
Q

What is the chemical formula of a nitrate ion?

A

NO3^-

22
Q

What is the chemical formula of a carbonate ion?

A

CO3^2-

23
Q

What is the chemical formula of an ammonium ion?

A

NH4^+

24
Q

What is the chemical formula of a hydroxide ion?

A

OH-

25
Q

What is the chemical formula of a phosphate ion?

A

PO4^3-

26
Q

What is the charge of a compound?

A

A compound’s net/total charge should always add up to zero. Hence, all ions that make up the compound should have charges that add up to zero to ensure it is balanced.

27
Q

What does the prefix (bigger number before the compound/element) at the front of a compound/element represent?

A

It represents the number of moles of the entire compound/element.
Eg. 4HCl –> there are 4 moles of the entire hydrogen chloride compound.

28
Q

What does the suffix (smaller number on the right of some elements in a compound) represent?

A

It represents the number of moles of the element that is in 1 mole of compound.
Eg. CaCl2 –> there are 2 moles of chlorine element in every 1 mole of the calcium chloride compound.

29
Q

Write a balanced equation between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, which produces sodium chloride and water.

A

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) –> NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

30
Q

Write a balanced equation between iron (III) oxide and carbon, which produces metal iron and carbon dioxide.

A

2Fe2O3 (s) + 3C (s) –> 4Fe (s) + 3CO2 (g)

31
Q

Write a balanced equation between nitric acid and magnesium hydroxide, which produces magnesium nitrate and water.

A

4HNO3 (aq) + 2Mg(OH)2 (aq) –> 2Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + 4H2O (l)

32
Q

Write a balanced equation between metal calcium and hydrochloric acid, which produces calcium chloride and hydrogen gas.

A

Ca (s) + 2HCl (aq) –> CaCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

33
Q

Write a balanced equation between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide, which produces potassium sulfate and water.

A

H2SO4 (aq) + 2KOH (aq) –> K2SO4 + 2H2O (l)

34
Q

Write a balanced equation between propane (C3H8) and oxygen gas, which produces carbon dioxide and water.

A

C3H8 (aq) + 5O2 (g) –> 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l)

GCE O'Levels Chemistry (6 decks)

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