chemical equilibrium Ch 14

Question 1

why does raising the temperature or increasing the pressure of a gas phase help increase the rate of the reaction

Answer 1

increased temperature or pressure for a gas-phase reaction increases the number of collisions.

Question 2

equilibrium is achieved when

Answer 2

the rates of a reversible reaction in the forward direction and the reverse direction become equal

Question 3

base…..electrons

Answer 3

donates

Question 4

acid…..electrons

Answer 4

accepts

Question 5

lower pka acidity?

Answer 5

higher acidity

Question 6

when products are favored over reactants

Answer 6

K>1

Question 7

when reactants are favored over products

Answer 7

K<1

Question 9

the K value of a reaction running in reverse is

Answer 9

the reciprocal of the K of the forward reaction

Question 10

reaction Q

Answer 10

value based on the concentration and partial pressures of reactants and products present at any time during the reaction

Question 11

% dissociated

Answer 11

amt dissociated/ original amount

Question 12

is K temp dependent?

Answer 12

true

Question 13

smaller ka…..

Answer 13

weaker acid and less products

Question 14

less small ka

Answer 14

weak acid and more products

Question 15

To break the H-F…H-F intermolecular bond, energy must be

Answer 15

added to the dimer

Question 16

in order for the H-F dimer to be formed from two individual H-F molecules, which of the following is needed?

Answer 16

another molecular atom is needed to carry away the energy released when the intermolecular bond is formed.

Question 17

when a chemical equilibrium is reached, the concentrations of the reactants and products……..,and the reaction……

Answer 17

are not changing on the macroscopic level…….. is still happening in both directions

Question 18

you can predict that a solution containing .0083M acetic acid will be…….1.5% dissociated.

Answer 18

more than

Question 19

the equilibrium constant Keq will……hav units

Answer 19

is in M but will never have units

Question 20

Q<K

Answer 20

more products are formed

Question 21

Q=K

Answer 21

no change in concentration in reactants and products

Question 22

Q>K

Answer 22

more products are formed

Question 23

homogenous equilibria

Answer 23

equilibria in which products and reactants are all in the same phase

Question 24

heterogeneous equilibria

Answer 24

equilibria in which products and reactants are in different phases

Question 25

solids and liquids are not included in the equilibrium constant expression bc….

Answer 25

the concentrations of solids do not change since their concentrations are defined by their densities which dont change throughout the reaction same thing for liquids

Question 26

3 ways increase the yield of a reaction

Answer 26

1. increase the partial pressure of the reactant
2. increase the volume
   3 remove the the product

Question 27

how changing the volume effects an equilibrium mixture

Answer 27

when the volume is decreased the partial pressures and the concentrations double since the same number of molecules into half of its original volume