Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards
The concentrations of pure solids, pure liquids, and solvents are omitted from equilibrium constant expressions because
their concentrations remain constant throughout the reaction.
When k<1, reaction favored
reactant
When k>1, reaction favored
product
How would we force this reaction to go in the forward direction?
We introduce stress into the equilibrium system
This principle states that when a stress is applied to a
system in chemical equilibrium, the system will shift in
order to lessen the effects of that stress
Le Châtelier’s Principle
Factors Affecting Equilibrium
- Changes in concentration
- Changes in temperature
- Changes in volume/pressure
- The presence of a catalyst
What does it means Q<k
If Q is less than K, that means that there must be more reactants compared to the concentrations at equilibrium. Therefore, the reaction will shift to the right to produce more products.
What does it means Q>k
If Q is greater than K, that means that there must be more products compared to the concentrations at equilibrium. Therefore, the reaction will shift to the left to produce more reactants.
The heat of reaction
Enthalpy
ΔH > 0
Endothermic
ΔH <0
Exothermic
If we increase the temperature (exothermic), then we have more product and so the reaction shifts towards the
reactants/ left
If we decrease the temperature (endothermic), then we have less product and so the reaction shifts towards the .
products/ right
Because ΔH is positive, the reaction is endothermic in the ____direction.
forward
An _____ in the pressure favors the reaction that produces the lesser number of gaseous molecules
increase
