Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards
A state in which there are no observable changes with time.
Equilibrium
It is achieved when rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
Chemical Equilibrium
It is achieved when concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant.
Chemical Equilibrium
Gibbs energy tends to minimum at ΔT = ?, ΔP = ?
ΔT = 0, ΔP = 0
What is ΔGrxn at constant temperature and pressure when it is at forward reaction spontaneous? Is it exergonic or endergonic reaction?
ΔGrxn < 0; exergonic
What is ΔGrxn at constant temperature and pressure when it is at reverse reaction spontaneous? Is it exergonic or endergonic reaction?
ΔGrxn > 0; endergonic
What is ΔGrxn at constant temperature and pressure when it is at equilibrium? Is it exergonic or endergonic reaction?
ΔGrxn = 0; neither
A strongly __________ process can drive a weaker __________ process.
exergonic; endergonic
If K > 1, the equilibrium will lie to the __________ and favor the __________.
right; products
If K < 1, the equilibrium will lie to the __________ and favor the __________.
left; reactants
It applies to reactions in which reactants and products are in different phases.
Heterogenous equilibrium
The concentration of __________ and __________ are not included in the expression for the equilibrium constant.
solids; pure liquids
It applies to reactions in which all reacting species are in the same phase.
Homogenous equilibrium
If an external stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system will adjust itself in order to minimize the stress.
Le Chatelier’s principle
As system is compressed, A ← 2B and K remains __________.
constant
The equilibria responding to pressure is defined at a ___________ at __________.
single standard pressure, 1 bar
K in equilibria responding to pressure is __________ of pressure.
independent
It is not necessarily pressure-independent.
Equilibrium composition
From Le Chatelier’s principle for a system at equilibrium, the system will shift in __________ direction as temperature __________.
endothermic; increases or
exothermic; decreases
In exothermic reactions, increased temperature favors __________.
reactants
In endothermic reactions, increased temperature favors __________.
products
If B increases at expense of A, is it endothermic or exothermic?
endothermic
If A increases at expense of B, is it endothermic or exothermic?
exothermic
