chemical equilibria

Question 1

Define dynamiC equilibrium

Answer 1

State in a reversible system in which the forward and backward reactions are continuing at the samerate resulting in no netchange in the macroscopic properties of the reactants and products

Question 2

Define position of equilibrium

Answer 2

Relative composition or concentration of products and reactants present in a reaction mixture at equilibrium

Question 3

Equilibrium constant formula

Answer 3

Notes page 4

Question 4

Equilibrium constant for gaseous system formula

Answer 4

Notes page 5

Question 5

Relationship between equilibrium constant of the forward and backward reaction

Answer 5

The equilibrium constant of the backward reaction is the reciprocal of the equilibrium constant of the forward reaction and vice versa

Question 6

Form of K for an overall reaction

Answer 6

If an overall reaction is the sum of 2 or more actions, the overall equilibrium constantis the product of the equilibrium constants for the steps

Question 7

Form ot K for a reaction with coefficients multiplied by a common factor n

Answer 7

When the storchiometric coefficients of a balanced equation are multiplied by a factor, then K is raised to the power of the same factor n

Question 8

What is eqm constant affected by

Answer 8

Only affected by tempchanges

Question 9

What does a small value of K signify

Answer 9

If K is very small, the Poe lies very much to the left
No reaction or forward reaction doesnot proceed to anyappreciate extent

Question 10

What does a largevalue of K explain

Answer 10

If K is very large, Poe is very much to the left
Reaction goes into completion or forward reaction is almost complete

Question 11

What does an intermediate value of K mean

Answer 11

Significant amount of both reactants and produced and present at equilibrium

Question 12

Homogenous equilibrium

Answer 12

All substances involved in the equilibrium system are in the same phase

Question 13

Heterogenous equilibitum

Answer 13

All substances involved in the equilibrium system are in different phases

Question 14

Calculating equilibrium constant

Answer 14

Concentrations of pure solids are constant so the eqm constant is only dependent concentration of a gas

Question 15

Calculating eqm constant of a gaseous system

Answer 15

At a given temp, the vapor pressure a solid is constant
Is only dependent on the partial pressureof the gas in the system

Question 16

What does expression of eqm constant exclude

Answer 16

1. The concentrationorpartial pressure of puresolids and fire liquids because they areconstantatagien temperature
2. Concentration of water when its present in largeamountas a solvent as concentration of water would be approximately constant

Question 17

What is degree of dissociation

Answer 17

Fraction of reactant tyat has dissociated at a particular temperature
Amount dissociated / total initial amount

Question 18

Relating ΔG°and position of equilibrium

Answer 18

If ΔG° <o, rate of forward reaction > rate of backward rxn

If ΔG° > o, rate of forward reaction < rate of backward rxn

If ΔG° = 0, system is atequilibrium, rate of forward reaction = rate of backward rxn

Question 19

Relating ΔG° and eqm constant

Answer 19

ΔG° = -RT ln K

When ΔG° <0, K>1 position of equilibrium lies more to right side, favoring products over reactants

When ΔG°>0, K<1 position of equilibrium lies more to left side, favoring reactants over products