Chemical Context Of Life Flashcards
There are 92 naturally occurring elements. How many are required for life?
25
What element is the most common in the human body
Oxygen
What element is the most abundant
Hydrogen
What is the nucleus made of.
Protons and neutrons
What is matter made up of.
Atoms
What determines an atoms element
Protons
What affect an elements stability
The amount of neutrons
What takes up the most space in an atom’s cloud
Electrons
What are isotopes
Atoms of an element with a different amount of neutrons
What atoms are radioactive
Unstable atoms
Protons carry what charge
A positive charge
Neutrons carry what charge
A neutral charge
Electrons carry what charge
A NEGATIVE charge
What determines an atoms chemical properties
The distribution of electrons
What will atoms do to have their valence electrons filled
Atoms will borrow additional electrons form other atoms of give up their valence electrons
Bonds with en difference of < 1.2 are
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Bonds with an en difference of
1.2< en diff < 1.8 are what
Polar bonds
Bonds with an en difference of > 1.8 are what
Ionic bonds
How do hydrogen bonds form
Between the partial positive and negative charges in polar molecules
Chemical reactions are reversible; when the forward and backwards reactions occur at the same rate it is in what
Chemical equilibrium
What are the 6 most abundant elements in life
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
What 4 elements make up 96.3% of your body mass
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Atomic number equals
The number of protons
Atomic mass equals
The number of protons and neutrons
Why are covalent bonds stronger than ionic bonds?
Ionic bonds tend to depend on the environment . Ex. Temperature
Covalent bonds are not dependent on the environment.
