Chemical Changes and Structures - Atomic Structure Flashcards
Where on the periodic table can alkali metals be found?
Group 1
Where on the periodic table can halogens be found?
Group 7
Where on the periodic table can the noble gases be found?
Group 8
Where on the periodic table can the transition metals be found?
The middle chunk labelled Transition metals in the data booklet.
State the reactivity and stability of alkali metals.
Highly reactive.
Get more reactive the further down the group you go.
State the reactivity and stability of Halogens.
Highly Reactive
Get less reactive the further down the group you go.
State the reactivity and stability of the Noble Gases.
Very Unreactive
State the reactivity and stability of the Transition Metals.
Generally quite dense
What do elements in the same groups have?
Similar Chemical Properties
What is an atom made up of?
Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
State the mass, charge and location of Protons.
1 amu
Positive
Nucleus
State the mass, charge and location of Neutrons.
1 amu
No Charge
Nucleus
State the mass, charge and location of Electrons.
0 amu
Negative
Orbiting the nucleus
What is the atomic number equal to?
The number of protons in the nucleus.
What is the mass number equal to?
The number of protons + the number of neutrons
Explain Nuclide Notation.
Use Magnesium as an example.
24 →Mass Number
Mg →Chemical Symbol
12 →Atomic Number
In an atom what is the number of protons equal to?
The number of electrons.
How do you find the electron arrangement of an atom and draw it?
Look on page 6 of the data booklet.
Write the chemical symbol.
Draw one circle around the symbol for each number.
On each circle draw crosses that equal the amount stated in the data booklet.
Define the term Isotope.
An isotope is an atom with the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Define the term Relative Atomic Mass. (RAM)
The average mass of all the isotopes of an element.
Where do you find RAM for an element.
Page 7 of the Data Booklet.
Apply your knowledge of RAM to evaluate the relative number of each type of isotope in a sample.
The closer to an isotope mass number RAM is the more of that isotope there is.
Why do atoms form ions?
To achieve a full outer electron shell.
How do you calculate RAM?
(mass isotope A * abundance) + (mass isotope B * abundance) / 100
What happens to an atom when forming an ion?
An atom loses electrons to form a full outer electron shell.
How do elements in Group 1 form ions and what charge will that ion have.
Lose 1 electron.
(1)+
How do elements in Group 2 form ions and what charge will that ion have.
Lose 2 electrons
2+
How do elements in Group 3 form ions and what charge will that ion have.
Lose 3 electrons
3+
How do elements in Group 5 form ions and what charge will that ion have.
Gain 3 electrons
3-
How do elements in Group 6 form ions and what charge will that ion have.
Gain 2 electrons
2-
How do elements in Group 7 form ions and what charge will that ion have.
Gain 1 electrons
1(-)
